Effects Of Water-Fertilizer Integration On Water Consumption Characteristics And Nitrogen Use Characteristics In Wheat Under Supplemental Irrigation Based On Soil Moisture Measuring

In two wheat growing seasons?2016²018?,a field trial was conducted in Shijiawangzi Village,Yanzhou City,Shandong Province,taking JiMai 22 as test material.The experiment utilized the split-plot design.Under five nitrogen levels of 0?N0?,150?N1?,180?N2?,210?N3?and 240?N4?kg N ha^-1,three irrigation-fertilization methods were designed as no irrigation and Broadcasting of fertilizer?W0?,Border irrigation and Broadcasting of fertilizer?W1?,Micro spraying irrigation and Water-fertilizer integration?W2?,to study the effects of irrigation-fertilization methods on water consumption characteristics and nitrogen use characteristics in wheat under supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture measuring.The main results as follow:1 Effect of different irrigation-fertilization methods on water consumption characteristics of wheatIn two wheat growing seasons,under the same N application rates,W2 was significantly lower than W1 on the irrigation amount at anthesis and total irrigation amount.The water consumption total water consumption was ranked as W1?W2>W0.The irrigation ratio to total water consumption of W2 is significantly lower than W1 treatment;The soil water consumption?SW?and percentage of SW to total water consumption amounts,SW in the60¹40 cm soil layers and SW from anthesis to maturity was ranked as W0>W2>W1;7 days average soil evaporation in jointing and filling period was ranked as W2<W1<W0.2 Effect of different irrigation-fertilization methods on photosynthetic characteristic of wheatIn two wheat growing seasons,under the same N application rates,the flag leaf net Pn,Tr,Gs,the relative content of chlorophyll,the Fv/Fm,?_PS?,sucrose content and sucrose phosphate synthase activity were ranked as W2>W1>W0 from 14 to 28 days after anthesis?DAA?.The LAI and the intercepted photosynthetic active radiation capture ratio from 10 to30 DAA were also ranked as W2>W1>W0.The dry matter accumulation at anthesis and maturity stages and the distribution of dry matter in the grain after flowering of W2 were the highest,followed by W1 and W0.3 Effect of different irrigation-fertilization methods on nitrogen use characteristics of wheatUnder the same N application rates in two wheat growing seasons,nitrogen accumulation amount at anthesis and maturity was ranked as W2>W1>W0;The accumulation of nitrogen in the grain,leaf,Stem and sheath during maturity,nitrogen transportation amount of the vegetative organs after flowering and contribution rate to grain was ranked as W2>W1>W0;The plant nitrogen content and soil NO₃-N at 0-40 cm soil layer of W2 were significantly higher than those of W1 treatment at 6 and 8 days after irrigation at jointing stage;The soil NO₃^--N in the 60¹40 cm soil layers of W2 at maturity were significantly lower than W1.4 Effect of different irrigation-fertilization methods on senescence characteristics of wheat flag leavesUnder the same N application rates in two wheat growing seasons,the SOD activity and soluble protein concentration of flag leaves from 14 to 28 DAA was ranked as W2>W1>W0.The MDA content in flag leaves from 14 to 28 DAA was ranked as W0>W1>W2.5 Effect of different irrigation-fertilization methods on grain yield,water and nitrogen use efficiency of wheatIn two wheat growing seasons,under the same N application rates,the grain yield and nitrogen production efficiency was ranked as W2>W1>W0.Under the N0,N1,N2 and N3condition,water use efficiency was ranked as W2>W1>W0.Under the N3 and N4 conditions,the nitrogen agronomic efficiency of W1 and W2 was was significantly higher than W0.It shows that Micro spraying irrigation and Water-fertilizer integration was the optimum irrigation-fertilization methods for obtaining higher grain yield,water use efficiency,and nitrogen productivity efficiency.6 Effect of nitrogen application rate on water consumption and photosynthetic characteristics of wheat under the integration of water and fertilizerUnder the condition of the integration of water and fertilizer in the two growing seasons,the total water consumption,SW and percentage of SW to total water consumption amounts of N3 and N4 were significantly higher than those of other treatments.The 7 days average soil evaporation between N3 and N4 treatments at jointing stage and filling stage was significantly lower than that of other treatments,but there was no significant difference between N3 and N4 treatments.The photosynthesis rate,transpiration,stomatal conductance,dry matter accumulation at mature stage and the transport from dry matter to grain after anthesis were the highest in N3 treatment.7 Effect of nitrogen application rate on nitrogen accumulation and transport of wheat under the integration of water and fertilizerUnder the condition of the integration of water and fertilizer in the two growth seasons,the nitrogen accumulation at flowering stage and mature stage was ranked as N3,N4>N2>N1>N0,and the distribution of nitrogen in grain,stem and leaf sheath at mature stage was ranked as N3,N4>N2>N1>N0.The nitrogen transportation amount of the vegetative organs after flowering and contribution rate to grain in N3 and N4 treatments were significantly higher than those in other treatments,but there was no significant difference between N3 and N4 treatments.8 Effects of nitrogen application rate on grain yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat under the integration of water and fertilizerUnder the condition of the integration of water and fertilizer in the two growing seasons,the grain yield of N3 and N4 treatments was significantly higher than that of other treatments,and there was no significant difference between N3 and N4 treatments.But there was no significant difference in water use efficiency among nitrogen application treatments.The nitrogen agronomic efficiency was ranked as N3>N4>N2>N1.The results showed that N3treatment had the highest grain yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency,and 210 kg·hm^-2was the best nitrogen application rate under the experimental conditions.In production,basing on yield,water and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat,the proper irrigation-fertilization methods and nitrogen application rates we recommend was water-fertilizer integration and 210kg·hm^-2.