Syudy On Soil Nutrient Status Of Main Persimmon Orchards In Shaanxi Province And Scientific Fertilization

China's persimmon production has been developed rapidly and risen sixfold in the past20 years.In 2015,the output of persimmon in Shaanxi Province ranked fourth in the China with 415,300 tons of persimmon.The rational fertilization plays a large role in the persimmon fruit yield and quality.However,there are few related studies about scientific fertilization,and are lack of scientific theoretical guidance to the fertilization of persimmon tree.In this study,the main persimmon orchards in Shaanxi Province were investigated,including fertilization,soil nutrients were measured,and the soil nutrient standard values suitable for the production of persimmon in Shaanxi Province were formulated.At the same time,different concentrations of nitrogen were studied through fertilization experiments in the demonstration garden.The development of branches,leaves,and quality of persimmon fruits in different cultivars were investigated by applying different concentration of phosphorus,potassium,and bacterial fertilizers.This study is aimed to provide scientific basis for precision fertilization management of persimmon orchards in Shaanxi Province,so as to accelerate the development of the persimmon industry.The main research results are as follows:1.Investigation of soil nutrient content in main persimmon gardens in Shaanxi Province.The nutrient contents were differed in various depths and regions.In the same depth,soil nutrient levels in Fuping County were higher,followed by Huxian County,Meixian County,and Huayin in the order of descending proportions.The soil nutrient levels of Yongshou and Fufeng were lower.Compared with different depths,as the depth increased,the content of each element showed a downward trend as a whole.The overall soil pH in the survey area is high;it is recommended to increase the nutrient input in the30-60cm soil layer during fertilization.2.Investigation of the standard value of soil nutrient content for the persimmon orchards in Shaanxi Province.The propositional standard pH is 6.5⁷.5,the organic matter is 12¹5 g·kg^-1,the total N is 0.6⁰.8 g·kg^-1,the available N is 45⁶0 mg·kg^-1,and the available P is 15²5 mg·kg^-1,the available K is 150²50 mg·kg^-1,the available Ca is200³50 mg·kg^-1,the available Mg is 10²0 mg·kg^-1,the available Fe is 5⁸ mg·kg^-1,the available Mn is 5¹0 mg·kg^-1,the available Cu is 1.0¹.5 mg·kg^-1,the available Zn is0.5¹.0 mg·kg^-1.In the production practice,it can be used as a reference,according to local conditions,balanced fertilization.3.Survey of fertilization in major persimmons in Shaanxi Province.Among the 42persimmon gardens,most of the persimmon production and nutrient management were underinvested in organic fertilizers.Some orchard fertilization methods are irrational and unscientific,so it is necessary to strengthen farmers'awareness of balanced fertilization.4.In order to study the effects of different concentrations of N fertilizer,P fertilizer,K fertilizer application and single application of bacterial fertilizer on the composition of cultivars,leaf growth,fruit yield and quality,the‘Youhou',‘Soshu'and‘Fuping-jianshi'persimmon were used as test materials.The test results showed that 0.93 kg of N fertilizer,0.398 kg of P fertilizer and 0.625 kg of K fertilizer?T2?can significantly promote the growth of autumn shoot of‘Youhou',promote the leaves Bigger and thicker of‘Youhou'and‘Fuping-jianshi'persimmon,and significantly promote the yield of‘Youhou',As well as the content of Vc in the varieties;the single application of bacterial fertilizer?T4?can significantly promote the growth of autumn shoot in‘Fuping-jianshi'persimmon and‘Soshu',promote the growth and development of leaf of‘Soshu',and at the same time significantly increase the hardness and Vc content of‘Fuping-jianshi'persimmon fruits,and increase water-resistance.5.For medium and low fertility levels in persimmon gardens,it is recommended to apply 0.93 kg of N fertilizer,0.398 kg of P fertilizer,and 0.625 kg of K fertilizer and combine targeted fertilizer with bacterial fertilizer.