| Canine pyometra is a common disorder in reproductive system of female dogs.Its pathogenesis is thought to be the concurrency of the cystic endometrial hyperplasia（CEH）caused by estrogen and progesterone together and the bacterial infection within the endometrium.Therefore the disease is also known as endometrial cystic hyperplasia/pyometra syndrome（CEH/P）.In this study the data of 62 cases of canine pyometra were collected from three pet animal hospitals in Xi’an from 2016 to 2017,analyzed and summarized to explore the pathogenesis of pyometra and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and prevention of pyometra.The results of case analysis showed that 62 cases cover 19 varieties:Miniature poodle accounting for 17.74%（11/62）,Golden retriever and Pomeranians each accounting for 9.68%（6/62）,Schnauzer and Chinese field dog each accounting for 8.06%（5/62）,German shepherd and Chihuahua each accounting for 6.45%（4/62）,Pug and Shih Tzu each accounting for 4.84%（3/62）,Samoyed dog,Rottweiler,Chow Chow,Butterfly dog and Maltese each accounting for3.23%（2/62）,and the rest varieties accounting for 8.06%（5/62）.Considering the age of morbid bitches,the largest age group are those at 5-11 years of age（56/62）,averaging at 8.2±2.3 years.From the perspective of the disease types,the open pyometra accounted for 61.29%（38/62）while the closed type accounted for 38.71%（24/62）.Clinically the vast majority of the cases showed symptoms of depression,and 38.7%（24/62）had vomiting.A portion of 70.9%（44/62）had obvious fever,of which 38.71%（24/62）showing mild fever,32.26%（20/62）in medium fever,and no cases with high fever.And the average body temperature was 38.64±0.99℃.As much as 19.35%（12/62）cases have polydipsia and polyuria.CBC tests showed an increase leucocyte counts（WBC）,averaging to 38.15±×109/L.The mean of neutrophilic granulocyte counts（GRN）was 34.24±21.81×109/L.The counts of lymphocyte（LYM）changed insignificantly,with an average of 3.49±2.58×109/L;The mean value of hemoglobin（HGB）was 134.89±27.87g/L,relatively normal;The average counts of erythrocyte（RBC）was5.87±1.12×1012/L within the normal range.Serum biochemical tests showed an average alanine aminotransferase（ALT）at 52.76±68.79 U/L,an average alkaline phosphatase（ALKP）at215.39±148.42 U/L,an averageγ-glutamine transferase（GGT）at 2.50±1.50 U/L,an average total bilirubin（TBIL）at 4.09±4.56μmol/L,an average total protein（TP）at 75.76±9.10 g/L,an average albumin（ALB）at 28.09±3.58 g/L,an average globulin（GLOB）at 48.00±8.24 g/L,an average urea（UREA）at 8.90±8.60 mmol/L,and an average creatinine（CREA）at132.82±110.56μmol/L.Ultrasonography showed images of thickened uterine horn with anechoic liquid dark area in circular or elliptic shape,or low echo area.X-ray photography showed enlarged abdomen circumference,with some even shadows of soft tissue in middle and posterior parts of the abdomen.Conclusion:（1）The surgical operation,ovariohysterectomy（OHV）,is an optimal means for prevention and treatment of canine pyometra,while the conservative treatment has a high recurrence rate.（2）Ultrasound detection is the most convenient and effective diagnostic method for pyometra,while blood tests can determine the illness severity and possible complications in liver and kidney failure,and serum CRP and KC are effective biomarkers for evaluation of sepsis.（3）Intrauterine drug perfusion therapy is controversial and may be replaced by rectal perfusion for another consideration,in which the drug can be absorbed through the rectal capillaries into adjacent uterus for therapy. |
