Industry Development Strategy Research For Marine Industrialized Aquaculture In China

Mariculture has always provided an important source of protein for the survival and development of human beings.With the improved living standard,the requirement for mariculture products is becoming higher.This requirement and trend are also reflected in the supply of food for humans and the provision of quality protein for humans.However,under the background of the current “Industry 4.0” era,human beings are also reflected in the dual constraints of resources and the environment.The burden on the environment of traditional farming methods is unfairly planned and blindly pursued.With long-term economic efficiency as the core,simply pursuing output and ignoring the environmental and ecological cost development model has increasingly attracted widespread attention in society.The sustainable development of industrialized aquaculture has become an important new mode in the field of agriculture and even the national economy.In the 1970 s,China has begun to introduce some encouragement policies for the industrialization of mariculture and carry out initial explorations.After several generations of aquaculture practitioners and research workers in related fields have made unremitting efforts,industrialized aquaculture has gradually formed a complete set of theories.After a large number of experiments and practical experience accumulation,the seafood industrialized aquaculture has begun to take shape.Marine industrial aquaculture has established two major directions: sea-based and land-based mode.With the input of equipment and technology to reduce the demand for resources and the environment,and under the premise of meeting the production factors,there have been corresponding plans for the development model of industrial aquaculture.In this paper,the field surveys in main areas of marine industrial aquaculture(e.g.,Shandong Province,Liaoning Province),the consultations with industry experts and senior practitioners,and the collection of relevant statistical data were conducted to clarify the industrialization of seawater.Based above work,we then investigated aquaculture industry development context as well as the type of industrial development,and detailedly analyzed its advantages and disadvantages by applying literature analysis method,case analysis method,and investigation method.Finally,series of reasonable development strategies were provided according its opportunities and threats and they were presented in the following sections.The study indicated that:(1)the marine industrial aquaculture may be defined and classified the following four development types: concentrated resource-constrained,ocean-economy-intensive province-covered,traditional breeding area transition zone,new mariculture area type,coastal economic supplementation type.(2)Industrial aquaculture of seawater has the advantages of superior natural environment,high scientific research input,rapid development of supporting logistics industry,emergence and continuous emergence of large-scale enterprises within the industry,etc.;and it has disadvantages in terms of technology,industry scale,financing,employment,etc..In addition,the increase in consumer demand,the environmental policy guidance,and favor of marine aquaculture practitioners provide the development opportunities for marine industrial aquaculture.But the specialized fisheries policies,market law supervision and other aspects still need to be further planned and coordinated due to the higher operating costs of marine industrial aquaculture,as well as the vulnerable feature of products to exchange rate and foreign trade policies and market fluctuations in price fluctuations.In view of the current state of industrialization of marine aquaculture,the author suggests that:(1)Government level: the government should formulate specific fishery policies,laws and regulations to guide the transformation and upgrading of marine aquaculture,increase research investment,encourage technologies optimization in production-side,attach importance to market supervision,establish traceability mechanisms for marine products,operate targeted brand and product development considering industrial divisions;(2)Corporation level: based on the domestic market,it is necessary for corporation to deepen brand building,strengthen industrial extension,strengthen the development of breeding and processing high value-added products,gradually establish the modern enterprise system,strengthen company management,and actively build and organize industrial alliances,strengthen the centralized construction of related brands,and select appropriate breeds adapted to industrial development according to market conditions;(3)Scientific research institutes level: the scientific research institutes cultivate relevant talents for industrialized aquaculture,concentrate on conquering relevant industry problems,meet industrial needs,and strengthen innovations in related research,pay attention to the combination of production,education and research,play the basic role of scientific research units,add vitality to the development of the industry.