Characteristics Of High Yield And Lodging Resistance Winter Wheat Varieties And Varieties Screening In Huanghuai North Area

The sown area of wheat is second to that of rice and corn.The healthy and sustainable development of wheat industry plays an important role in promoting farmers' income and ensuring food security.Improvement of cultivation measures and variety improvement are important ways to increase wheat yield.Among them,the contribution rate of the improved varieties to the increase of wheat yield was more than 30%.Lodging is a major factor limiting the increase in wheat production.A comparative analysis of agronomic traits,physiological indicators and yields of Huanghuai wheat was carried out,and to choose the wheat varieties with high yield and lodging resistance,which is of great significance to the sustainable production of high yield,quality,and efficiency of wheat.The trial was finished at the Xinji Experimental Station of Hebei Agricultural University during wheat growing season in the 2016-2017.The test materials are selected 17 varieties from the national wheat system testing network construction.The comparative study of trial control varieties of Jimai22 as national trial area and Heng4399 as the trial control variety of Hebei Province.The yield characteristics of the new wheat varieties and the agronomic characteristics of the dominant varieties were studied.The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for the validation of wheat varieties and their supporting cultivation techniques.The main findings are as follows:1.Among the 17 new wheat varieties,the yields of four wheat varieties including Xingmai20,Han11-5276,Yan121,and Anmai12-14 were higher than that of the yield of control wheat varieties.2.The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between 1000-grain weight and grain yield.The difference in wheat 1000-grain weight of all wheat varieties was mainly resulted from the difference in the average grain filling rate.3.The lodging indexes of basal first internodes were higher than that of basal second internodes after anthesis.The lodging indexes of basal first internodes were greater than 0.22 at 10 day after anthesis.The lodging indexes of basal first internodes were greater than 0.21 at 20 day after anthesis.The lodging indexes of basal first internodes were greater than 0.18 at 30 day after anthesis.The lodging indexes of basal second internodes were greater than 0.13 at 10 day after anthesis.The lodging indexes of basal second internodes were greater than 0.12 at 20 day after anthesis.The lodging indexes of basal second internodes were greater than 0.08 at 30 day after anthesis.4.According to grain yield,spike number,grains per spike,1000-grain weight,the height of the gravity center and lodging indexes,the cluster analysis of wheat varieties showed that these varieties including Lunxuan198,Han11-5276,Xingmai20,Heng4399,Jimai22,Shi11-5139,Anmai12-41,Luyuan118,Yan1212 and LinY8222 sowed higher yield and better lodging resistance comparing of other varieties.5.The population characteristics and yield structure of high yield wheat varieties showed: the number of the maximum total stems was between 17.27 million and 23.45 million per hectare.The highest leaf area indexes(LAI)were between 7.18 and 8.14.The number of effective spikes was about between 6.57 million and 8.40 million per hectare.The number of grains per spike was between 29.83 and 34.51 per panicle.The weight of 1000-grain weight was between 43.97 g and 52.94 g.Above all,four wheat varieties with grain yield were higher than control wheat varieties.Xingmai20 and Han11-5276 belong to medium resistance lodging varieties.Yan1212 and Anmai12-41 belong to high lodging resistant varieties.