The Research And Design Of Container Seedling Planter Based On Small Loader

At present,container seedlings are widely popularized and applied due to their high survival rate and the mechanization of container seedling cultivation is the main development direction.Now,the mechanization degree of container seedling cultivation is low,typically artificial cultivation after site preparation in afforestation areas.In recent years,Beihai in Guangxi Province has introduced large seedling planters from Finland for planting of Eucalyptus seedlings.The whole equipment must be equipped with large excavators featuring a large size,inflexible movement and high operation and maintenance costs.Similar equipment referred to,based on ZL910 C small loader,a set of small seedling planters have been designed,with the working principle of the whole set of equipment similar to foreign large seedling planting equipment,the overall size and weight greatly reduced.The tree planting machine designed in this paper mainly consists of three parts,i.e.a soil digging system,a seedling tray system and a seedling planting system.The function of the soil digging system is to refurbish the soil layer and provide good growth conditions for container seedlings,and it is composed of loader arms,hydraulic cylinders and an overturn shovel plate.The movement of the soil digging system is analyzed,and the relationship expression between the three length changes of hydraulic cylinders and space position of the shovel tip is presented in the paper,with the shovel structure designed,the shovel structure size given.The movement of shovel at three stages is analyzed.A discrete element model of soil layer is established using EDEM software to simulate and test the soil digging performance of the shovel,the simulation result showing that the shovel can realize soil refurbishment and a better result can be obtained during soil digging at an angle of 70 degrees.The main function of the seedling tray system is seedling storage and selection.The seedling tray structure is designed in the paper,with the seedling tray 0.85 m long and 0.7m wide,54 seedlings able to be stored at a time,chain arrangement of seedling cups in the seedling plate system adopted.Based on the seedling cup and seedling tray friction experiment,it is suggested that stainless steel plate be used as the bearing plate material of the seedling plate.Driving motor model selection is conducted and the control circuit of the seedling tray system is designed.Planting container seedlings is the main function of the seedling planting system,which mainly consists of a seedling planting linkage mechanism,duckbilled mechanism,repression and hydraulic cylinder.The structure of the seedling planting system is designed in the paper,with the structure size of key components given,the relationship expression between the action position of the seedling planting mechanism and the repression mechanism and the changes in the hydraulic cylinder length analyzed and presented.A hydraulic circuit of the seedling planting system is established and simulation of the circuit is conducted using AMES im software to verify the feasibility of the hydraulic circuit.Finally,the design development of small loader-based seedling planting devices is presented in the paper,and it is proposed that based on the design involved in this paper,watering and fertilization application,seedling,water,fertilizer residue monitoring alarm functions as well as intelligent navigation and planted seedling counting functions can be added to improve the planting efficiency and the automation and intelligence degrees of seedling planting devices.