Study On Therapy Of Cow Ketosis By Combining Propylene Glycol And Chinese Herbal Medicine

Dairy cow ketosis is a metabolic disease caused by disorders of fat and carbohydrate metabolismthat causes the serious harm to the dairy industry.It is very important to find an effective method to treat ketosis in cows.In this study Holstein cows were used as the research object to investigate whether the combination of propylene glycol and Chinese herbs can effectively treat cows'ketosis.The main research content is as follows:Trial I.The effect of ketosis treatment in cows on plasma levels BHBA and Glu.A total of 814 cows from a dairy farm in Nanning,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were taken from 2016 to 2017 to conduct a quantitative survey of plasma ketone bodies from 814 blood samples obtained.Enzyme colorimetry was used to measure the content of beta-hydroxybutyric acid(BHBA)in plasma.BHBA content ?1.2mmol/L was used as the diagnostic criteria for ketosis disease.In the first trial(2016),22 cows with ketosis were detected and divided into two groups:the traditional Chinese medicine and propylene glycol treatment group(KT,n=14),the ketotic cows control group(KC,n=8).KT group was given Chinese medicine(Jianqu 50 g;malt 50 g;dried radish 200 g)and propylene glycol(350 mL),Irrigate medicine before eating in the early morning(if blood collection is required before blood collection),and the drugs were orally administered continuously once a dayfor six days in both groups.The KC group was only monitored and observed,and no treatment was performed.At Od(treatment day),Id,3d and 7d the blood samples were collected from the jugular vein and the plasma contents of ketone body and glucose(Glu)were measured to evaluate the therapeutic effect.In the second trial(2017),43 cows with ketosis were detected and divided into three groups.The treatment group by Chinese herbal medicines and propylene glycol(TPC,n=21),thepropanediol treatment groups(TP,n=9)and cows with ketosis were not treated as the control group(C,n=13).The TPC cows were fed with Chinese herbs(Jianqu 50 g;malt 50 g;dried radish 200 g)and propylene glycol(350 mL).The TP cows was only fed with propylene glycol(350 mL).The drugs were orally administered once a day,last for three days in both TPC and TP cows.The cows in Group C were remained without treatment as control.The blood from all cows was collected from the jugular veins at 0 d,1d,3 d,and 5 d relative to treatment start day,and plasma levels of ketone bodies and glucose were measured to evaluate the therapeutic effect.The results showed that the concentration of BHBA(mmol/L)in KT group was significantly decreased at 1d,3 d,5 d,and 7 d(p<0.01)respectively.Compared with KC group,there was a significant difference at 1d,and there was very significant difference at 3 d and 7 d(p<0.01);A significant difference existed between KT and KC cows at 7 d.In the second experiment,the BHBA concentration(mmol/L)in TPC group decreased significantly at 1d(p<0.05),very significantly decreased at 3 d and 5 d(P<0.01),and the BHBA concentration(mmol/L)in the TP group was 3d and 5d significantly decreased(P<0.01),Plasma BHBA in TPC and TP groups were significantly different from those of C group at 3 d,the difference at 5d was extremely significant(p<0.01);the glucose concentration in the TPC group(mmol/L)Compared with group C,the difference was significant at 1 d.Summary:The KT,TPC and TP groups had significant effects on reducing the concentration of BHBA and increasing the concentration of Glu.The concentration of BHBA was significantly reduced at 3 d and 5 d day of treatment,and both levels were significantly reduced to healthy cows.The Glu concentration was significantly increased at 1 d and 3 d after treatment and both increased up to healthy levels.Trial II:The effect of ketosis treatment in cows on plasma levels growth hormone(GH)and NEFA.In the first trial,the effect of treatment of cow's ketosis on plasma NEFA levels was examined.The specific grouping and treatment were the same as the first trial(2016).The results showed that the concentration of NEFA(mmol/L)in KT group decreased significantly at 1d and 3 d(P<0.05),and decreased significantly at 7 d(P<0.01).The second experiment examined the treatment of cow's ketone disease in plasma GH and NEFA levels.The specific groupings and treatments are the same as the second experiment(2017).The results showed that the concentration of NEFA in TPC group was significantly decreased at 1 d and 3 d(p<0.05).The NEFA concentration in TP group was significantly decreased at 3 d(p<0.05).The difference between TPC group and C group was significant at 1 d;GH concentration(ng/mL)was not significantly different between the treatment and control cows.Summary:KT,TPC and TP groups had significant effects on reducing NEFA concentrations.NEFA concentrations decreased significantly at 1 and 3 days of treatment.There was no significant difference in GH concentration.Trial III:The effect of cow ketosis treatment on liver,kidney function,plasma levels of calcium and phosphorus.(2016)examined Aspartate transferase(AST),Alanine aminotransferase(ALT),Triglyceride(TG),Urea nitrogen(BUN)etc,calcium(Ca),phosphorus(P)and reproductive performance(number of inseminations,number of days of Pregnancy,etc.)were analysed,(2017)examined and rumen filling fraction(RFS)were determined to evaluate their association with the treatment of ketosis.The results showed that the concentration of AST and ALT(U/L)in KC group increased significantly at 3 d(p<0.05),the AST and ALT concentration in the KT group Compared with group KC,the difference was significant at 3 d.The concentration of Ca(mmol/L)in KT group was significantly increased at Id and 7 d(p<0.05).Compared with KC group,there was very significant difference at 3 d and 7 d(p<0.01);There was no significant difference in P(mmol/L)concentration.Summary:The KT group had significant effects on increasing the concentration of Ca.The concentration of Ca was significantly increased at 1 d and 7 d day of treatment.The KT group had significant effects on reducing the concentration of AST and ALT.The concentration of AST and ALT was significantly reduced at 3d day of treatment.There was no significant difference in P,RFS,and reproductive performance.Conclusion:The concentration of BHBA,NEFA,AST,ALT was significantly reduced and the concentration of Glu and Ca was significantly increased.The effect of Chinese medicine and propylene glycol treatment is more significant,and there was no significant effect on GH,P,RFS and reproductive performance.Application Jianqu,malt,dried radish,and propylene glycol to treatment program of 3 days is more suitable for dairy farm applications,but its need further study to assessment.