Optimal Levels Of Dietary Protein And Fat Supplement For Growing And Fur Development Raccoon Dogs

The purpose of this study is to study the effects of dietary protein and oil supplement level on the growth performance,nutrient utilization,serum biochemical indexes and fur quality of raccoon dog during growing and fur development period,so as to determine the suitable protein and oil supplement level in the diet,and provide scientific basis for scientific breeding of raccoon dog.There were 2 trials in the present study:Experiment 1.Effects of dietary protein and oil supplement level on growth performance,nutrient utilization,serum biochemical indices and free amino acids in growing period of raccoon dogs.A total of 63 healthy 11 weeks old raccoon dogs were randomly divided into 9 groups according to a complete random design with 3 × 3 two factors arrangement.The 3 dietary protein levels were 22%,24% or 26%,and 3 oils supplemental levels were 3%,5% or 7%,respectively.The diets included same level of lysine,sulfur-containing amino acids and threonine.The experiment period lasted for 56 days.The results showed that:(1)The ADG increased(P < 0.05)linearly with the oil supplement level,and the ratio of feed to weight was linearly decreased(P < 0.08).(2)The fat digestibility was affected by dietary protein(P < 0.08)and oil supplement level(P < 0.01),in which it increased(P < 0.02)significantly with the increase of oil supplement level.The dry matter digestibility in dietary protein level of 26% was significantly lower(P < 0.07)than those in dietary protein level of 22 or 24%.(3)The content of serum GLU decreased linearly(P < 0.04)when dietary oil supplement level increased.The value of GLU was higher(P < 0.09)in dietary protein level as 26% than the other two levels.The the value of UREA was higher(P < 0.01)in dietary protein level as 26% than those in the other two dietary protein levels.(4)The raccoon dogs fed diet containing 22% protein level and supplemented with 5% oil or diet containing 24% protein level and supplemented with 3% oil had highest values of total essential,nonessential or sum of free amino acids in serum,which the above three indices were lowest in raccoon dogs fed diet containing 26% protein level and supplemented with 5% or 7% oil(P < 0.10).The results suggested that raccoon dogs fed diet containing 22% protein and supplemented with 5% oil could have better growth performance and economic efficiency.Experiment 2.Effects of dietary protein and oil supplement level on growth performance,nutrient utilization,serum biochemical indices and fur quality of fur development raccoon dogs.A total of 90 healthy 19 weeks old raccoon dogs were randomly divided into 9 groups according to a complete random design with 3 × 3 two factors arrangement.The 3 dietary protein levels were 20%,22% or 24%,and the 3 oils supplemental levels were 3%,5% or 7%,respectively.The diets included same level of lysine,sulfur-containing amino acids and threonine.The experiment period lasted for 62 days.The results showed that:(1)The ADG and final BW of raccoon dogs in protein level of 24% were significantly lower(P < 0.08)than those in the other two protein levels,while the ratio of feed to weight was significantly higher(P < 0.04)than those in the other two levels during the Oct.8 to Nov.8.The BW and ADFI of raccoon dogs fed diet containing 22% protein were higher(P < 0.07)than those of raccoon dogs fed the other two protein levels during Nov.9 to Nov.24 or Nov.25 to Dec.8.(2)The raccoon dogs fed diet containing 22% protein and supplemented with 3% oil had the highest value of dry matter or organic matter digestibility,and the raccoon dogs fed diet containing 24% protein and supplemented with 3% oil had the lowest values of the above two indices(P < 0.10).The raccoon dogs fed diets containing 24% protein had lower(P < 0.04)energy digestibility than those fed diets containing of 20% or 22% protein.The digestibility of protein or fat increased(P < 0.09)linearly as the increase of dietary protein level increased.(3)The content of TC,LDL-C,GLB and TP were affected(P < 0.07)by oil supplement level,in which TC and LDL-C content were significantly lower(P < 0.02)in raccoon dogs fed diet supplemented with 5% oil than those fed diets supplemented with 3% oil,while GLB and TP in raccoon dogs fed diet supplemented with 5% oil were higher(P < 0.06)than those fed diets supplemented with 3% or 7%.The content of GLU and ALB were affected(P < 0.06)by dietary protein level,in which the value of GLU was higher(P < 0.05)and the ALB was lower(P < 0.02)in raccoon dogs fed diet containing 24% protein than those fed diet containing 22% protein.(4)The body length,dry pelt length,the score and brightness of pelt were affected(P < 0.10)by the interaction of dietary protein and oil supplement level.The 4th and 5th groups had highest values of body length and were higher than the other groups except for 1st and 9th groups(P < 0.09).The dry pelt length was highest(P < 0.10)in the 4th group than those in the other groups except for the 3rd and 5th groups.The score and brightness of pelt were highest in the 5th group and lowest in the 1st and 7th groups(P < 0.08).(5)Dietary protein level affected(P < 0.06)weight of carcass,heart,lung,stomach and jejunum plus ileum,and gastric weight increased(P < 0.02)linearly with protein level.The raccoon dogs fed diet containing 22% protein had higher(P < 0.07)weight of carcass,heart,lung or jejunum plus ileum than those fed diets containing the other two protein levels.The oil supplement level affected(P < 0.09)the weight of carcass and heart weight,in which the raccoon dogs fed diets supplemented with 5% oil had higher(P < 0.04)carcass weight than thse fed diet supplemented with 3% oil,the raccoon dogs fed diets supplemented with 5% oil had higher(P < 0.07)heart weight than others levels.The results suggested that the better growth performance and fur quality could be reached when raccoon dogs fed diet containing 22% protein and supplemented with 5% oil.