Characterization Of Chemical Hybridization Agents For Brassica Juncea And Their Effects On The Induction Of Male Sterility

Brassica juncea L.is one of the three cultivated species of rape.Brassica juncea has a strong ability to resist adversity,but its yield is relatively low.Heterosis utilization is an important way to improve this situation.At present,rape heterosis is mainly achieved by cytoplasmic male sterility.The CMS germplasm resources in Brassica juncea are scarce,which limits the utilization of heterosis.Chemical hybrid agent is an important way to solve this problem.A large number of chemical agents have been reported in Brassica napus.Previous studies have shown that chemicals used in Brassica napus has a certain effect on male sterility in Brassica juncea.In this study,we used three genotypes of Brassica juncea and two kinds of chemical hybridizing agent which has been used in Brassica napus to determine the effect of CHA,TBM and MES,on male sterility and its effects on agronomic traits.The results are as follows:1.Effectiveness of CHA and the optimum concentrationThese two chemicals can induce different degrees of sterility,under 8-10 ml spraying treatment at foliar application in the bud stage of rape with three concentration gradients of 0.05mg/L,0.075mg/L and 0.1mg/L.When the dosage per plant was 8-10 ml,the MES of 0.1 mg/L and 0.075mg/L of TBM could cause complete sterility of Brassica juncea.The sterility rate was up to 100%.2.Cytological observation of male sterilityThe result of cytological observation showed that male sterility induced by MES and TBM was abnormal at the stage of pollen mother cell,and part of microspore was aborted at tetrad.Microspore was completely aborted at the stage of microspore culture.Both of Chemical Hybridizing Agents induced to a certain extent cell abnormal,which is one of the reasons for microspore abortion.3.The influence of Chemical Hybridizing Agents on Agronomic CharactersAfter spraying two Chemical Hybridizing Agents,the plant height was decreased,the number of pods per plant,grains of per plant increased,and number of pod decreased slightly.In addition,both of two CHA cause shortening of stamens,filament elongation,leaf curl and deformity,and chlorosis along the veins.