Application Of Bacillus Coagulans In Formula Feed Of Meat Ducks

This study was designed to investigate the effect and mechanism of Bacillus coagulans on meat ducks production performance,which will provide the scientific theories foundation for the application of Bacillus coagulans in meat ducks formula feed.Method:750 one-day-old meat ducks were randomly divided into five groups,each group included five replicates(30 meat ducks per replicates).The blank control group(group ?)was fed with the basic diet.The group ? was fed the basal diet supplemented with 30mg/kg zinc bacitracin.The treatment group(group?,?,?)were fed by basic diet supplemented with Bacillus coagulans of 100mg/kg,200mg/kg,300mg/kg,respectively.The experiment was lasted for 42 days,including two stages,early stage from 1to21days and later stage from 22 to 42 days.Results:1.Performance:In the early stage,there were no significant difference in the average daily feed intake,average daily gain and survival rate between every groups(P>0.05).The feed to gain ratio(F/G)of group ?,?,?,? were significantly higher than group?(P<0.05).In the later stage,the average daily gain and F/G of groupIV were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.01).The average daily gain of group V was significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05).Compared with group ?,group?significantly increased the slaughter(P<0.05),all eviscerated rate(P<0.05),the percentage of breast(P<0.01).The Net chamber rate of group V was significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05).The breast muscle rate of group?and group V were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.01)and group ?(P<0.05).The half net thorax rate,let muscle rate and the abdominal fat percentage among groups were not significantly(P>0.05).2.Serum biochemical indicators:21thday,the content of total protein(TP)in the blood of group V was significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05).The alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and albumin(ALB)content among groups were not significantly(P>0.05).42thday,the alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and total protein(TP)content were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05).There was no significantly difference between each group about albumin(ALB)content(P>0.05).The glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)of group Vat 21thday and group? at 42ffday were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05).The superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content among groups were not significantly(P>0.05).3.Immune organ index:21thday,the thymus index of group ? was significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05)and group?(P<0.05),and the bursal index was significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05)and group ?(P<0.05).The spleen index among groups were not significantly(P>0.05).The thymus index and spleen index of group? were significantly higher than group ? at 42thday(P<0.05).4.Duodenum digestive enzyme:21thday,The amylase activity of group? and group V were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05).42thday,compared with group ?,it could remarkable improve the trypsin activity in group?,?,?.5.The intestinal morphology:21thday,the duodenum villus height of group ?,?,?and ? were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05).The V/C of group ?,?and? were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.01).comparing with group ?,it could significantly increased the height of jejunum villus of group ?(P<0.05)and ?(P<0.05),V/C of group ?(P<0.05)and ?(P<0.01).The height of ileum and V/C of group ?was significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05)and group ? was significantly higher than group ?(P<0.01).42thday,compared to group ?,it could significantly increased the duodenum villus height of group?(P<0.01),?(P<0.01),?(P<0.05).,the V/C of group ?(P<0.01),group?(P<0.05)and ?.The jejunum villus height of group?and? were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05)and?(P<0.05).The jejunum crypt depth of group?and ? were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05).The V/C of group?,?,?were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.01).comparing with group ?,it could significantly increased the ileum villus height of groupIV(P<0.05)and?(P<0.05),the V/C of group?(P<0.01)and?(P<0.01).6.Microorganism in cecum:21thday,the number of lactic acid bacillus of group ?were significantly higher than group ?(P<0.05)and group ?(P<0.05).The number of E-coil of group ? were significantly lower than group ?(P<0.05).42thday,comparing to group ?,it could significantly increased the number of lactic acid bacillus of group?(P<0.05)and decreased The number of E-coil of group ?(P<0.05).7.The content of nitrogen in excrement:21thday,the content of nitrogen in excrement of group V were significantly lower than group ?(P<0.05)and group ?(P<0.05).42thday,the content of nitrogen in excrement of group ? was significantly lower than group ?(P<0.05).8.The content of crude protein and crude fat in pectoral muscle:The content of crude protein and crude fat in pectoral muscle among groups were not significantly(P>0.05).9.Intestinal pH:The intestinal pH among groups were not significantly(P>0.05)at 21thday.42thday,the duodenum pH of groupIVwas significantly lower than group ?(P<0.05).Conclusion:1.The Bacillus coagulans added in meat ducks formula feed can improve the performance of meat ducks.2.Appropriate amount of Bacillus coagulans can enhance the antioxidant function,immunity and digestive enzyme activity,reducing intestinal pH and the content of nitrogen in excrement,improving serum biochemical indexes and intestinal morphology,optimization of microbial flora structure.3.The suitable dosage of in the diet of meat ducks was 300mg/kg in the early stage and 200mg/kg in the later stage.