A Comparative Research On The Urban Architecture Characteristics Of Dalian During The Russian And Japanese Colonial Time(1898-1945)

This paper selects the architecture of Dalian in the period of Russia and Japanese colonial from 1898 to 1945 as the research object,takes history,historical geography and architecture as the theoretical basis,started with the development process of Dalian,this paper discusses that the Russian and Japanese colonists transplanted their and western architectural culture to Dalian by means of colonization,and combined with the natural environment of Dalian into the unique urban architectural style of Dalian,which is based on the sea and hill,with the coexistence of western and Japanese architectural style.This study can further enrich the research achievement of Dalian city.It is found by combing the historical documents that the architecture in Russia and Japanese colonial days has become a material carrier of Russo-Japanese colonial,which has influenced the development of culture in modern Dalian city.Now,the urban culture development of Dalian cannot be separated from the adjacent modern urban culture,based on the urban planning and cultural construction of Dalian,this paper tries to discuss the way that construct the characteristic of regional history and cultural in Dalian with the modern urban architecture of Dalian.It is concluded from the research that the urban architecture of Dalian in the period of Russia and Japanese colonial has its particularity.First,the architectural characteristics of Russia and Japan in different colonial periods are different.During the colonial period of Russia,the construction organizations were mainly established by the colonial authorities,and architects were often transferred to the Russian official staff.In architectural design,fused the Russian and European architectural culture,according to the urban zoning planning,in order to fire prevention and be artistic,the Russia selected brick and stone as the materials,presented a romantic European architectural style.During the Japanese colonial period,there were not only building management agencies set up by the colonial authorities,but also civil construction organizations,for instance,South Manchuria Railways Co.,Manchuria Construction Association,architectural firm,become city builders.With the development of the city,not only the architects gradually scale up,but the building rules are increasingly prefect.In terms of architectural design,Japan adhered to the Japanese tradition,introduced the European architectural culture,and creates the architecture style that combined western and Japanese culture.Secondly,as the material carrier of the Russian and Japanese colonization,architecture not only bears the attachment of the Russian and Japanese colonists to the Russian and Japanese countries,but also the Russian,Japanese and European culture has permeated the social life of modern Dalian,which made Dalian become a westernized city with harmonious architecture and nature geographical environment.Thirdly,Dalian is applying for the National Historical and Cultural City,as an important part of Dalian’s urban relics,the city architecture during the period of Russian and Japanese colonial is still playing its historical,cultural and educational values.