Human-Machine Interaction Design Of Vehicle Control Components Considering The Musculoskeletal Characteristics

As the most interactive part with the driver,the layout parameters of the vehicle control components directly determine the driver's driving posture,thus affect the driver's driving experience and driving comfort.For the moment,domestic passenger vehicles' layouts are mainly designed according to the standards of SAE International,and there is a lack of research on the human-machine parameter design for Chinese physical signs to improve the driving comfort.At present,scholars at home and abroad have many subjective evaluation methods for human-machine interaction performance,but there is no objective method to carry out quantitative analysis of this subjective feeling and obtain specific human-machine layout parameters that can be applied to real vehicle design yet.In order to solve this problem,this article from the angle of the perspective of musculoskeletal biomechanics properties,additionally,combine with simulation and bench experiment results,and use subjective and objective comprehensive evaluation method to acquire quantitative comfort evaluation index.Accordingly,a man-machine database oriented Chinese human body signs is developed and the optimal human-machine layout parameters of each percentile drivers are forecasted.Specific research contents are as follows:Firstly,the body skeletal muscle model of drivers in the driving posture was built in the Anybody software,and then the seat model and the control component model were imported.The skeletal muscle stress of the real driver under different control components layout parameters was simulated by constraining the angles and DOF of each joint according to the actual driver's posture.The simulation model can modify the man-machine layout parameters and human body size,and output the corresponding human biomechanical parameters.Secondly,combined with the SAE vehicle layout design standard and the results of the investigation on the layout parameter range of vehicle control components,the center composite test design at 4 factor and 5 level was carried out to optimize the number of experiments.The evaluation indexes related to the comfort of human-machine interaction design are selected,including the subjective score of human body parts,the major joint angles,and the muscle activity.Twelve drivers are selected to carry out experiments on the six-DOF flexible test bench to collect EMG signals and subjective evaluation scores,and the corresponding simulation comparison tests are completed.Combined with the musculoskeletal biomechanics properties mechanism analysis,the simulation and experiment bench results,the main working muscle groups under the driver's control state are selected,including brachial muscle,upper trapezius muscle,middle deltoid muscle,hamstrings,tibialis anterior muscle and gastrocnemius muscle,then the muscle activity of this 6 muscles becomes the main objective evaluation parameters of vehicle control components arrangement comfort.Then,by comparing simulation and bench experiment data,it is verified that the simulation and bench experiment have a high consistency.Respectively,the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Principal Component Analysis is used to establish the objective and subjective comfort evaluation function with the muscle activity of 6 muscles and body parts comfort level score as indexes.And according to the evaluation function,the optimal human-machine layout parameters of the 95,90,50,10 percentile male drivers and 50,5 percentile female drivers are obtained.The comfort joint Angle range and muscle activity range of each percentile drivers are analyzed,and the conclusion can be drawn that the comfortable trunk postures of each percentile drivers are basically identical but the comfortable upper and lower limbs postures gradually stretch along with the growth of height,furthermore,the main working muscle of upper limbs is brachial muscle,the main working muscle of lower limbs are tibial anterior and hamstrings.Finally,through the response surface analysis of 6 percentile drivers,the multiple regression equation of man-machine layout parameters and comfort index is established,and the man-machine layout parameters under the optimal comfort index are obtained by response optimizer.Within the limits of the comfortable man-machine layout parameter ranges,simulation experiments were carried out on 24 driver models with different heights.The quantitative mapping relation between human-machine layout parameters and heights by fitting curve,obtained the prediction model the optimal human-machine layout parameters.Then,the experimental results are compared with the data of 6 percentile drivers obtained from the bench test.It is proved that the model is established in this paper can effectively and reliably predict the optimal human-machine layout parameters for the drivers between 5 percentile women and 95 percentile male.