Genetic Mapping Construction And Application Of Traditional Settlement Landscape In Pingtan Coastal Area

As the largest island in fujian province,pingtan’s location environment has given birth to rich coastal landscape and folk culture.The unique shiguo settlement is a typical representative of the traditional settlements in the southeast coast and a miniature of history and culture.Since the 19 th national congress of the communist party of China(CPC),it has clearly put forward the important instruction of "carrying forward the fine traditional culture with firm cultural confidence".As the "birthplace of Chinese traditional civilization",traditional settlements are an important part of Chinese traditional culture.With the construction of "pingtan comprehensive experimental area",pingtan shiguo settlement is facing the strong impact of rapid urbanization,resulting in the destruction of the landscape of settlements,the loss of spatial vitality and the traditional cultural fault.Therefore,pingtan binhai traditional settlement landscape space protection and renewal is imminent.Based on the understanding of the landscape system of the typical six traditional settlements in pingtan binhai,and based on the theory of landscape gene,the landscape features and cultural connotations of the settlements are revealed,and the regional landscape gene map is constructed,so as to obtain the enlightenment of the optimization and restoration of thetraditional settlements in the region.It is not only conducive to maintaining the genetic diversity of pingtan binhai traditional settlement landscape,but also conducive to the continuation of regional cultural landscape and the activation of settlement space.The regional landscape system was constructed from three aspects of natural,social and human factors.According to the theory of landscape gene identification,the landscape of traditional settlements along pingtan binhai was identified in detail according to the classification of material and non-material.According to the characteristics of biological genes,improve the identification index of landscape gene map.As well as different spatial scales,the genetic map of pingtan binhai traditional settlement landscape was constructed.In baisha village,for the optimization theory of object,to learn from related cases and good design ideas,research,and through practice "cell-chain-shape" space partition,the space syntax,quality analysis and landscape genes among analysis,master status and the optimization object,the settlement space to repair and upgrade the internal landscape gene and genome,refactoring and updated.The main results are as follows:1.The landscape genetic system of pingtan coastal traditional settlements was formed under the influence of local regional culture,central plains culture,minyue culture,Marine culture,foreign culture and regional natural environment.Due to the influence of political reform andhistorical population migration,the landscape features of the settlements showed regional differences.According to the theory of landscape gene identification,the internal material and immaterial landscape were identified from six aspects: settlement site selection and human geomancy,stone houses,main buildings,environmental factors,pattern signs and cultural signs.The spatial pattern of pingtan binhai traditional settlement "aokou-mountain-stone house" was extracted."One village,one bay" settlement location;Point window,six away from the door,water gable,cobblestone,style masonry,architectural decoration,color and temple ancestral hall and other architectural landscape genes;Natural landscape genes such as mountains,water bodies,aokou and native vegetation,as well as rich immaterial cultural landscape genes such as folk customs,local literature and art,clan and religion.Then,it constructs the genealogy of unit settlement’s individuality and common landscape,and the genealogy of regional landscape.2.according to the characteristics of the landscape in gene function respectively identified rock adjacent genes,wharf and ancestral hall as the main body,a stone edge and five lines of gable roofs,pebbles for adhesion genes,religious landscape and farming the sea for hybrid genetic hybrid landscape,natural geographical environment and the local dominant cultural landscape as the regulatory gene,immigration,military and foreign culture landscape for dissociation genes and local abundantmaterial and non-material resources and landscape for cytoplasmic genes behind the house,constituted jointly by more than six kinds of landscape gene pingtan binhai traditional settlement landscape gene mapping.3.According to the space division of "cell-chain-shape",the spatial forms of settlements such as aokou,streets and roadways inside the settlements are defined.Based on space syntax,the spatial concentration and connection degree of the main street,Ming and qing dynasties architectural district,aokou and modern architectural district in baisha village are the highest,and the main road passes through the highest,reflecting the overall spatial characteristics through the local space.According to the analysis of the merits and demerits of landscape genes,it is clear that the immaterial folk culture,natural ecological environment and stone house buildings are the dominant genes,while the single dilapidated dwellings,settlement vegetation and regional cultural landscape are the inferior genes.On the basis of investigation and research,to absorb "urban cultivation","pocket park","the planning and design" concept,draw lessons from the Japanese crossing their village,jiangxi wuyuan model and spatial correlation of wuzhen wisdom outstanding case,put forward the "ecological priority,it is with the person this" the wisdom of the development of spatial orientation,and adhere to the "original true,integrity,emotional transfer,dynamic optimization,interactivity and diversity" landscape gene mapping space optimizationprinciple.According to the ranking relationship of landscape genes,the original landscape genes were analyzed,and the landscape gene objects that could be protected,restored,updated and reconstructed were identified.Grasp the main landscape,and add other related landscape and cultural genes.Finally,public courtyard node space,characteristic home stay,fenglan ancient street,cultural roadway and coastal leisure space were built.The construction of regional landscape gene map should be based on the landscape system.By improving the gene index,a more perfect regional landscape gene map should be constructed,and it should be taken as the guidance of spatial optimization theory.This study not only clarified the design objectives,principles,concepts and methods for the optimization of settlement space,but also provided an effective way for the inheritance and development of regional cultural landscape.