Studies On Airspace Conservation Methods In Civil Aviation Airport Planning

With the increase of the number and scale of airports in China,the demand for airspace for airport development is increasing,especially the airspace resources in multi-airport terminal areas are more and more tight.Green airport construction requires resource conservation,which should include airspace.Carrying out the research on airspace resource conservation in airport planning and filling in the related domestic blank are of great significance for China’s future high-density airport construction and the development of the city with two or multiple airports.The study shows that to achieve the airport airspace conservation in the terminal area at the planning level,both air and ground must be taken into consideration,and only through the scientific and reasonable airspace structure(route arrangement,flight procedure design,approach and departure point configuration)and airport ground facilities(airport spacing,runway number and configuration)planning and design can be realized.On the basis of the airport terminal area airspace utilization both at home and abroad,this paper puts forward three kinds of typical airspace model(normal model,share transfer point model and sharing route model)and three kinds of typical location relationship(parallel,staggered parallel and non-parallel)between the airports in terminal area,on the basis of this the paper considers the air and on the ground,put forward the nine airspace structure type,laid a foundation for open airspace utilization analysis,calculation and evaluation.The airspace utilization degree of an airport can be evaluated by means of such indexes as average flight length,occupation volume of procedure area,occupation area of procedure area and airspace overlap rate.On the premise of ensuring the operational efficiency and safety of the terminal area,the paper introduces the operational capacity of the terminal area,flight conflict rate,airspace utilization intensity and other indexes to evaluate the operational efficiency of the terminal area.In this paper,SIMMOD is used as a tool to simulate and evaluate the airspace utilization and operational efficiency of airport terminal area.The study shows for the airports with staggered parallel layout in the terminal area,the airspace occupation of the terminal area can be effectively saved through the transfer points,especially the sharing of routes.The use of route sharing and transfer point sharing is also beneficial to improve the operation efficiency of the terminal area.In this paper,a systematic airspace structure optimization method based on airspace conservation and operational efficiency is proposed,which includes optimization of approach and departure points(transition points)and route distribution.The setting of the entry and departure points are regarded as the matching problem between the traffic demand points and the traffic distribution points.MAKLINK based on graph theory and ant colony algorithm are used to solve the shortest path of the terminal area.Based on the above theories and methods,the airspace structure of Shanghai terminal area(including Hongqiao and Pudong airport)is optimized.After optimization,the airspace occupied volume of the terminal area is reduced by 9.653%,and the airspace utilization intensity was increased by 16.042%,which achieved remarkable results.