Research On The Construction Of Whampoa Port During The Republic Of China(1925-1938)

Whampoa Port is not only an important port for Guangzhou's opening to the outside world since ancient times,but also a "Southern Great Port" personally planned by Sun Yat-sen.It has both economic value for the National Government and a political symbol of inheriting the "Prime Minister's Will".This article takes the construction activities of Huangpu Port in the Republic of China as the object of investigation.Through analyzing the whole process of Huangpu Port's construction from thought to practice,it can glimpse the characteristics and dilemmas of Guangdong's local construction during this period.Finally,sum up the experience and lessons of the construction of Whampoa Port,with a view to providing reference for today's harbor development.Since the opening of new routes,the development of capitalist industry and commerce and global trade has led to the rise of the shipping industry.After the Opium War,the Western powers turned China into its commodity market and raw material production area by building ports in China.Apart from the grief and indignation of the Chinese people,they advocated self-opening of ports,and the call to revitalize the industry gradually rose in the late Qing Dynasty.In Guangzhou,it was expressed as a call to restore the status of Whampoa Port.At the beginning of the Republic of China,Sun Yat-sen's plan to build a "Southern Great Port" made Whampoa Port's ideology for port construction perfect,but at that time,warlords fought and it was difficult for Sun Yat-sen's ideology to be realized.With the rise of the National Revolutionary Movement in the 1920 s,the construction of Whampoa Port was officially put on the agenda.The National Government has cooperated with all sectors of society to establish the "Promotion Association for the Development of Huangpu Commercial Ports from All walks of life in China","Whampoa Port Opening Planning Committee" and "Huangpu Commercial Port Company" to organize the construction of Whampoa Port.During this period,a series of Whampoa Port construction plans were proposed,Yuzhu was determined as the port site,and the Zhongshan Highway connecting Guangzhou and Huangpu was constructed.However,due to the personnel changes caused by the Northern Expedition,financial constraints,the scale of the plan is too large,and eagerto achieve success,etc.,ultimately failed.The construction of the Whampoa Port in the 1930 s showed a slow preparation in the early stage and a rapid progress in the later stage.This was related to the close changes in the Guangdong political situation at that time.Chen Jitang's society was relatively stable during the administration of Guangdong,which provided an opportunity for the comprehensive measurement and detailed planning of Whampoa Port.However,Chen Jitang's quick success in career development and transportation construction also prevented the Whampoa Port project from being delayed.After the National Government of Nanjing unified Guangdong and Guangxi,the growing contradiction between China and Japan began to attach importance to the construction of the Whampoa Port project,making Whampoa Port a "new Whampoa Port" in less than two years.Occupied,the Whampoa Port project was forced to stop.