Study On Landscape Planning,design Characteristics And Development Tendency Of Botanical Gardens In Japan

With the development and expansion of the global botanical garden network,botanical gardens have gradually become the biodiversity conservation centers around the world,and also met nowadays’ new challenges and opportunities.At the same time,under the increasing attention of the society,botanical gardens have gradually developed into an important part of our daily life.Japanese Botanical Gardens has a long history and carries its unique development,and Japan has certain similarities with China in climatic conditions and flora.This purpose of this study is to promote the exchanges and cooperation in the area of botanical gardens between Japan and China,and to improve the botanical garden network system in East Asia.According to incomplete statistics,the existing research on Japanese Botanical Gardens is limited to the overview and case introduction,and such research at the regional level only involves Tokyo.The development and growth of Japanese Botanical Gardens mainly relies on the Japan Association of Botanical Garden,which has formed a national network system.Based on such facts,this paper has selected 114 botanical gardens that is a member of Japan Association of Botanical Garden as the research object,so as to carry out the research from two aspects of systematic botanical garden network system and typical botanical garden cases.By atopting a comprehensive use of literature analysis,field investigation,quantitative and qualitative,cluster analysis,overall and partial research methods,this paper has elaborated progressively the aspects from the development process of the Japanese botanical garden and the analysis of its development status,to the exploration of the characteristics of planning and design and the discussion of the development trend.Based on domestic and foreign literature and basic materials of field investigation,and the combination with the historical stage of Japanese social development,this paper has systematically sorted out the key events in the construction of botanical gardens,and analyzed the historical evolution of Japanese botanical gardens over 380 years into five important development stages.Next,this paper has adopted qualitative and quantitative research methods to sort out and analyze the current development characteristics of Japanese Botanical Gardens in the five aspects of geographic spatial distribution,ownership operation,area development,plant collection and facility activities,and further utilized cluster analysis to summarize its development types and characteristics.Based on the development history,status quo analysis and type research,this paper has selected and explored the planning and design characteristics of Japanese botanical gardens in the aspects of site selection planning,layout and plant display,plant diversity protection and environmental education from the four aspects of planning and design foundation,main body,ecology and social service function.This part adoptes the overall and partial analysis methods to summarize the characteristics wthin the overall and various levels,and analyzes in depth through typical cases.Finally,this paper discusses the trend of Japanese botanic gardens with establish systematization,type diversification and display humanization,and puts forward the value of reference for the future development and construction of botanical gardens.