The Influence Of The Communication Between Chinese And Japanese Zen Monks In Song And Yuan Dynasties On The Landscape Culture In Medieval Japan

Dynasty of Southern Song and Yuan was a peak period in the history of cultural communication between China and Japan.Unlike the official communication in the Sui,Tang,and Ming and Qing Dynasties,the communication between China and Japan in the Song and Yuan Dynasties were dominated by private communication,and the main cultural communicators were Zen monks and businessmen.Through the cultural communication between China and Japan during this period,Chinese Zen and art from Song and Yuan were introduced to Japan.Upper class of Japan in Medieval Age was involved from bottom up.Subsequently,they were supported by the Samurai and goverment in medieval Age.The Wushan Zen monks who are well versed in the Song and Yuan cultures have thus become the core cultural figures of the medieval Ages in Japan,and played an indelible role in promoting the propagation of Song and Yuan cultures.These Zen monks applied the acquired traditional Chinese culture such as Zen culture,landscape painting theory and tea culture to the Japanese gardening practice of this period,which promoted the development of the Japanese garden in medieval Age.Many gardening masters have emerged,such as Muso Soseki,Sesshu.Muso Soseki was also honored as the "Emperor of the Seven Dynasties",and its influence is evident.In addition,due to the influence of the communication between Chinese and Japanese Zen monks,one of Japan’s most classic garden styles,Karesansui,was also born during this period,which had a profound impact on the Japanese garden culture in later generations.Therefore,this study aims to start with the process of communication between Chinese and Japanese Zen monks in Song and Yuan dynasties and clarify the spread of Song and Yuan culture in Japan and its impact on Japanese gardens.First of all,the background of the Middle Ages in Japan was combed,the reasons for the introduction and popularity of the Song and Yuan cultures was clarified.Secondly,the main characters,content and context of the communication between Chinese and Japanese Zen monks in the Song and Yuan Dynasties were studied thoroughly.On this basis,the outstanding contribution of the Zen monk to the garden culture of medieval Ages is clarified corresponding to the development process of the garden culture.Finally,the influence of the cultural communication between Chinese and Japanese Zen monks on Japanese garden culture in medieval Ages is explored from the following three aspects:1.The influence of Chinese Zen culture on the design ideas of the Japanese garden in medieval Ages.2.The influence of landscape painting theory during Song and Yuan Dynasties on Japanese gardening techniques in medieval Ages.3.The influence of landscape culture on Japanese landscape aesthetics.In summary,this study starts with the communication process between Chinese and Japanese Zen monks in the Song and Yuan Dynasties,and explores the dynamic impact of its communication content on the development of Japanese garden culture in medieval Ages.The research results include these three aspects:First,the figures,history,and contents of Chinese and Japanese Zen monks communication related to the formation of Japanese garden culture in medieval Ages are sorted out chronologically.Second,the main characteristics and formation process of Japanese garden in medieval Ages culture were clarified combining the influence of foreign culture and local culture.Third,the influence of the communication contents between Chinese and Japanese Zen monks in Song and Yuan Dynasties on Japanese garden culture in medieval Ages is explored from three aspects of design ideas,design techniques and aesthetic concepts.