Study On Vibration Characteristics And Cutting Performance Of Ultrasonic Bone Scalpel

With the development of China's economy and society,the aging population is increasing year by year,and the incidence of various orthopedic diseases such as cervical spondylosis and lumbar disc herniation is increasing.In clinical orthopedic surgery,certain orthopedic operations such as spine surgery,minimally invasive neurosurgery,etc.require high operation accuracy and operation safety.However,the current traditional orthopedic surgery tools have a great disadvantage in precision cutting and are likely to cause bone tissue,Mechanical injury of peripheral blood vessels and nerve tissue.Because ultrasonic bone scalpel have tissue selective cutting and high cutting accuracy,they can effectively stop bleeding and other characteristics are gradually favored by clinical orthopedic surgery.However,the development and research of ultrasonic bone knives are still in the initial stage,and the cutting mechanism of ultrasonic bone knives is not yet perfect.In response to these problems,this article takes the ultrasonic bone knife as the research object,explores the overall design method and optimization ideas of the ultrasonic bone knife,uses the finite element to analyze the vibration characteristics of the ultrasonic bone knife in detail,and selects and cuts the ultrasonic bone knife tissue Preliminary exploration of performance.The research results are of great significance for the subsequent development of high-performance ultrasonic bone knives and breaking the monopoly of foreign markets.Based on the theory of ultrasonic wave,the traditional analytical method is used to derive the frequency equations of the ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic horn,and the initial dimensions of each part are determined.Based on this,combined with the actual use requirements of the ultrasonic bone scalpel,a complete structural selection and design ideas of the ultrasonic bone scalpel were proposed,and the theoretical design of the ultrasonic bone scalpel was completed,which laid a foundation for subsequent optimization,simulation and experiments.Firstly,the performance of ultrasonic:horns with different shapes is compared and analyzed by ANSYS Workbench,which verifies the correctness of the selection of horns in this paper.Then the response surface method was used to analyze the sensitivity of each size of the ultrasonic bone scalpel,and the optimal design size of the ultrasonic bone scalpel was obtained.Finally,the modal analysis,harmonic response analysis and fatigue simulation analysis of the optimized ultrasonic bone scalpel were performed to obtain the detailed vibration characteristics of the ultrasonic bone scalpel.The results of vibration characteristics show that the vibration mode of the ultrasonic bone scalpel is longitudinal vibration and the common resonance frequency is 40018Hz.The maximum output amplitude appears at the end of the ultrasonic bit,with an amplitude of 120 m,and the maximum stress appears at the step of the end of the ultrasonic bit,with a maximum of 712MPa.An impedance analyzer was used to analyze the admittance characteristics of the ultrasonic bone scalpel after processing and assembly.The results show that the ultrasonic bone scalpel has excellent performance,and the resonance frequency and vibration mode are consistent with the simulation results.The dynamic performance parameters of the ultrasonic bone knife were determined.Then,an ultrasonic bone scalpel amplitude measurement platform was set up.The amplitude measurement results of the ultrasonic bone scalpel showed that the output amplitude of the ultrasonic bone scalpel could reach 110-130 m,which was basically consistent with the simulation results,and met the requirements for the use of ultrasonic bone scalpel in clinical surgery.Combined with the principle of ultrasonic energy transfer,the cutting mechanism of the ultrasonic bone scalpel was systematically explained.The reason why the ultrasonic bone scalpel has tissue selectivity was studied.By setting up an ultrasonic bone scalpel cutting experimental platform and using bone cement as a test object,the influence of different power on the cutting performance of the ultrasonic bone scalpel was studied.The experimental results show that as the cutting power increases,the cutting depth,cutting width,and cutting time gradually increase,and the cutting efficiency of the ultrasonic bone scalpel increases.But at the same time,it will lead to increased fever and reduced tissue surface integrity.