Study On Dynamic Changes And Driving Factors Of Rural Landscape Pattern Around Chaohu Basin

With the cancellation of prefecture-level Chaohu city and the relocation of Chaohu lake to the jurisdiction of Hefei city,the strategic and ecological significance of the area around Chaohu basin for the development of Hefei is increasing.In the context of urbanization,the cost of rapidly developing urban and rural space is the severely damaged ecological environment.The ecological problems around Chaohu basin,such as cyanobacteria,quarrying and over-exploitation,are increasing,and the contradiction between the development of rural settlements and the protection of ecological environment in Chaohu lake area is becoming more and more acute.In the context of the strategy of rural revitalization,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to research the rural landscape pattern around Chaohu basin.In this study,ENVI,GIS,Fragstats and other software were used to analyze the rural landscape pattern in the study area in 1998,2008 and 2018.Through the analysis of land use change process and landscape pattern index of the study area,the dynamic change process of the study area was reflected by combining with relevant historical data.Based on the natural environment,history,humanities,analyze three types of rural settlements in the study area development external forces driving factors on the dynamic change of landscape pattern,and subdivided into nine classes:elevation,rivers,transportation,history and culture,policy system,urbanization,population change,economic development,tourism development,by driving factors analysis to its driving mechanism and the influence degree.The overall research and analysis conclusions are as follows:(1)According to the land use cover classification system of the Chinese academy of sciences,this study divided the land use types into seven categories:cultivated land,forest land,grassland,water area,urban land,rural residential area and unused land.Through the analysis,it was found that the development land of rural residential area was mainly converted from cultivated land and woodland.(2)In the past 20 years,the patch area and patch density of rural residential areas around Chaohu basin have been increasing,the mean nearest-neighbor distance has been shrinking,the aggregation index has shown a downward trend in recent years,and the landscape fragmentation index has shown an upward trend in recent years.(3)At lower elevations and closer distances from river roads,the proportion of settlements was larger;History and culture influence the process of rural settlement site selection and development,and population change affect the focus and direction of rural settlement development;Policies and systems plan and control the rural landscape pattern around Chaohu basin from a macro scale.Urbanization is an important driving force for the rural landscape evolution around Chaohu basin in recent years.The development of tourism resources and the improvement of economic level in Chaohu lake area also have a certain influence on the rural landscape pattern around Chaohu basin.(4)The trend of continuous expansion of rural settlements around Chaohu basin is inevitable,and it will continue to develop and construct under the combined action of various driving factors.In view of the impact of rural settlement expansion on the overall landscape pattern and ecological environment,it is necessary to carry out overall control and planning of the direction and strategy of the landscape pattern based on the clear overall evolution trend and characteristics of the landscape pattern in the future rural construction.