The Urban Landscape Change And Its Dynamic Mechanism Study

With the development of urbanization, the landscape patterns of many citys havechanged obviously such as Shanghai. This paper selects the region of southwestShanghai as sample in the study. The study result of the southwest Shanghai can be asthe representative of the landscape pattern change in Shanghai. At the same time, thepaper analyzes the driving forces that induce the decrease of the cropland area.Most of the data came from the color and infrared aerial photos and SPOTremote sensing image of Shanghai, which included photos of 1984a, photos of 1994aand photos of 2003a. Using GIS technique and landscape pattern analysis programFragstarts, The landscape pattern change of the study area in three study period areanalyzed. It calculated and analyzed the landscape metrics and their changes ofstudying region at class metrics level and landscape metrics level respectively; At thesame time, base on the Geography information systems program, the transformationmatrixes of the class in the study area are concluded from the 1984a to 1994a, and1994a to 2003a. The result show that:1. The country landscape turned into city landscape from 1984a to 2003a in thestudy region. The landscape diversity and the landscape evenness rose first, and thenthey descended; the landscape dominance descended first, and then it rose; thelandscape fragmentation descended because the patch density descended and thepatch shape became more regular. The landscape diversity, the landscape evennessand the landscape dominance are the same as the study result of other cities, but thecharacteristics of patch density change and patch shape change are not sameness.2. The area of the city greenbelt are increasing; The area of the cropland andwater area are descending. The increasing area of the city greenbelt are smaller thanthe descending area of the cropland and the water area. So the city greenbelt don'tcompensate the effect on account of descending area of the cropland and water area.The patch area and the distribution of the city greenbelt would been adjusted in orderto give out the effect witch improve the environment.