Analysis Of Horizontal Vibration Response Of Elevator Car Based On Spring Vibration Isolation System

With the economic development,the height of urban buildings is getting higher and higher,and elevators become an indispensable vertical transportation tool in high-rise buildings.During the operation of the elevator,the excitation generated by the irregularity of the guide rail is attenuated by the spring vibration isolation system and transmitted to the car,causing the car to vibrate.The spring vibration isolation system is an important system for suppressing the vibration of the elevator.Reasonable spring preload force plays a key role in improving the stability of the elevator car and suppressing the horizontal vibration of the car.Based on this,this paper builds an experimental platform for the horizontal vibration of the elevator car,and designs a spring vibration isolation system and an excitation device according to the experimental purpose.Through the sinusoidal excitation experiment and the guide step excitation test,the horizontal vibration of the elevator car is acted upon by different spring preloading forces.In response,the spring vibration isolation system is analyzed to suppress the horizontal vibration of the elevator car.This article mainly completes the following work:Firstly,based on the elevator spring vibration isolation system,a dynamic model of 6 degrees of freedom in the horizontal direction of the elevator is established.Based on the dynamic model,the horizontal vibration experiment platform of the elevator car is built.The spring vibration isolation system of the experimental platform selects the undamped system,which is mainly composed of three parts: the rolling guide shoe,the spring and the bracket,wherein the spring stiffness is K=0.863 N.Through the modal experiment,the first-order natural frequency of the experimental platform is 3.87 Hz,and the second-order natural frequency is 8.85 Hz,which provides a basis for selecting the excitation frequency for the next experiment.A sinusoidal excitation experiment was performed on the experimental platform.The roller-mounted vibration exciter in the X direction on the lower right side of the elevator generates a sinusoidal excitation to simulate different operating states of the elevator.The sinusoidal excitation experiments were carried out at excitation frequencies of 4 Hz,8 Hz and 13 Hz,respectively,and the effects of different spring preloads on the horizontal vibration of the elevator were analyzed.The rail step excitation test was performed on the experimental platform.The random excitation from the exciter simulates the step of the step of the guide rail to the roller.The magnitude of the pulse excitation is 20 N.Through three kinds of analog signals,the spring pre-tightening force of 8.87 N,18.55 N and 25.78 N is analyzed to suppress the horizontal vibration of the elevator car.The experimental results show that under the action of sinusoidal excitation and guide step excitation,the spring preload has an inhibitory effect on the horizontal vibration of the elevator car,and its suppression effect is obvious when the preload is around 18.55 N.