Study On The Strategy Of Rural Habitat Environment Improvement In Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District

As the basic living space of farmers,rural human settlements play a vital role in rural development.However,influenced by the dual structure of urban and rural areas,rural development is relatively slow,and many problems have arisen in the process of rural human settlements development.How to solve these problems is the most urgent task in rural areas.Hetao Irrigation District,as the most typical agricultural production area in Inner Mongolia,has a very perfect farmland irrigation system,and influenced by nomadic and immigrant culture,its regional characteristics are obvious.In the process of urbanization and new countryside construction,great changes have taken place in Hetao Irrigation District,but there are still some problems.In view of the existing problems and characteristics of rural human settlements in Hetao Irrigation District,this paper provides some strategies and suggestions for improving rural human settlements in Hetao Irrigation District.This paper takes the rural human settlements environment of Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia as the research object.Firstly,through field investigation of various types of villages in the irrigation area,we can fully understand the development status of rural human settlements environment in the region,and find out the existing problems of rural human settlements environment in Hetao Irrigation District.Secondly,from the aspects of natural ecological environment,spatial distribution of residential areas,social culture and so on,the characteristics and causes of rural human settlements in Hetao Irrigation District are analyzed.Finally,based on the existing problems and characteristics of the rural human settlements environment in the region,specific promotion strategies are put forward from the macro and micro levels.At the macro level,the evaluation index system of rural settlements suitable for Hetao Irrigation District is established by analytic hierarchy process,and the comprehensive evaluation of villages in the study area is carried out by means of Arc GIS software.The current layout of rural settlements is optimized through the evaluation results.At the micro level,according to the characteristics of various types of villages,the internal layout of villages,village appearance,environmental sanitation facilities and public service facilities are divided into four parts.Different promotion strategies are put forward.The main results are as follows:1)At present,the problems of rural human settlements in Hetao Irrigation Area mainly include: unreasonable spatial layout of villages,low utilization rate of space;convergence of rural styles and features,weakening of regional characteristics;imperfect village environmental sanitation facilities,lack of long-term operation mechanism,unreasonable distribution of public service facilities and low utilization rate.The main characteristics of rural human settlements in Hetao Irrigation Area include: village location and residential form are compatible with the natural environment of the irrigation area;most villages are far away from the town and outside the best service radius of the town;the social structure of the village is greatly influenced by the immigrant culture,with the majority of villages formed by families,fellow townsmen and professions;and the traditional production mode of combination of cultivation and cultivation leads to the popularization of construction land area.It’s bigger everywhere.2)According to the characteristics of Hetao Irrigation Area,four main factors,namely,scale condition,location condition,economic industry and basic condition,are selected to evaluate the rural residential areas comprehensively.Through expert scoring,it is concluded that scale condition has the greatest impact weight.The quality of cultivated land is added as the main index in economic industry,and the proportion of saline-alkali land to cultivated land is taken as the evaluation basis.3)The internal layout of villages in Hetao Irrigation District should be organized by irrigation canals,and different layout patterns should be put forward according to the change of production mode of villages;the appearance of villages should be improved according to the general villages,traditional villages and characteristic villages,and controlled by point,line and surface methods;the farmers who combine cultivation with cultivation in irrigation area are suitable to install double urn funnel and three-format septic tank toilets,and the land is transferred to farmers.It is suitable to install dung and sewage combined toilets;the village sewage treatment should adopt centralized and decentralized methods,and decentralized treatment should be suitable to use solar energy micro-power combined sewage treatment equipment;rural public service facilities should be allocated through the construction of life circle,and the four-level life service circle system in urban and rural areas should be established in County units,according to the usual travel mode and wishes of villagers.The cost of time we intend to pay defines the appropriate size of life circle.