| Skill is the legal activity mode formed on the basis of practice.It is found that individuals with high skill level are better than novices in executive control,decision-making,attention selection and allocation.Executive control refers to the control mechanism in which individuals coordinate various cognitive processes and achieve goals in a flexible and optimized way when completing complex cognitive tasks.In the process of machining,individuals need to carry out task transformation among a series of tasks such as drawing,equipment maintenance and programming.Task transformation is one of the main components of executive control and can reflect the cognitive flexibility and adaptability of individuals.In order to explore the characteristics of task transition of college students with different skill levels,this study used task clue search paradigm to explore the characteristics and neural mechanism of task transition of college students with different skill levels under time pressure from two aspects of behavioral and eeg data.Study 1 investigated whether the difference in task switching ability between the technician group and the intermediate task group was due to endogenous preparation through the time interval between operational cues and stimuli(CSI).The results showed that when CSI was 0ms and 600 ms,that is,when the subjects could not complete endogenous preparation and basically completed endogenous preparation,there was no significant difference in the response time of task conversion between technician group and intermediate working group.Only when CSI is 250 ms,there is a significant difference in task conversion between the technician group and the intermediate task group,that is,when the subject can make endogenous preparation but cannot complete the preparation,the task conversion response of the technician group is significantly lower than that of the intermediate task group.On the basis of the basic completion of endogenous preparation,the second study applied time pressure and event-related potential technology to explore the task conversion differences and time process characteristics of technician group and intermediate working group under time pressure.The results showed that :(1)the response time of the technician group was lower than that of the intermediate group,and the accuracy rate was higher than that of the intermediate group,and the conversion cost was lower than that of the technician group under the condition of time pressure or no time pressure.(2)electroencephalogram results showed that,no matter repeated sequence task or conversion sequence task,the P1 component induced by technician group was significantly greater than that of intermediate work group.The N2 amplitude induced by the technician group was significantly larger than that of the intermediate group in the task with time pressure.The amplitude of P3 b induced by the technician group in the top and occipital area was significantly larger than that of the intermediate group in the task of switching sequence.Based on this,the following conclusions are drawn in this study:(1)when the interval from the cue to the stimulus time was 250 ms,that is,when the subjects could make endogenous preparation but could not make full preparation,there was a significant difference between the technician group and the intermediate work group,indicating that the dominant effect of the technician group might come from endogenous preparation.(2)increase the time pressure situation,intermediate group and technician group in the time pressure situation response time and accuracy compared to no time pressure situation shows a certain advantage effect;At the same time,the task-switching response of the technician group showed a certain dominant effect compared with that of the intermediate group.(3)under the condition of time pressure,the technician group showed a certain dominant effect under the condition of time pressure,that is,the task conversion reaction of the technician group was significantly faster than that of the intermediate group,and the accuracy rate was significantly higher than that of the intermediate group.(4)in the early attention(P1 component)stage of task transition,the technician group activated more attention resources to complete cognitive tasks;In the time-pressure transition sequence,the technician group had better cognitive conflict monitoring ability(N2 component)than the intermediate group. |
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