Research On Selectively Repair Of Traditional District Based On Environmental Cognition

The old man is afraid of being disturbed,the old house is afraid of being burned,the old tree is afraid of the wind and snow,and the old street is afraid being destroyed.As historical text,the fragmentation of the historical district has become a common problem in most Chinese traditional districts.The historical built environment has disappeared in the wave of urbanization piece by piece,and the precarious historical debris is left in the traditional districts.Therefore,most of the current protection and repair of traditional districts are based on the overall restoration of the physical environment,which neglects the reading way of the “people” in the traditional districts.“Let the city leave memories and let people remember homesickness”.Traditional districts contain spatial consciousness and experience connected with physical practice.They are the carrier of memory and the source of nostalgia.Therefore,the repair of the traditional districts should be based on people,taken from people and used for people.It is especially important to incorporate the historical information in the objective form into the subjective experience for research.This paper aims at the misunderstanding that the traditional districts are being repaired as old ones on a large scale at the present stage in our country and draws on exploring a selective repair method for traditional districts from the perspective of human subjective cognition in the traditional district of ZhuangShi traditional district in Ningbo.It is based on the theory of environmental behavior and research methods of the“the image of the city”.Therefore,there are two main lines throughout this paper :subject(human)and object(material),time(memory)and space(morphology).Under this relationship,the core content of the paper contains three parts.The first part is the second chapter.This chapter uses the subject of "human" as the object of discussion to study the selectivity of subject cognition.on one hand,it discovers that the commom physiological visual laws and memorization characteristics of "human" determine the content of selective attention from the visual dimension of human beings.On the other hand,it discovers the meaning of the historical place and the perception of the spiritual level it brings from the memory dimension of human beings.The “presence” content of selective attention and the “disappearance” of selective memory constitute the traditional district in people's subjective cognition together.In this“historic built environment image”,historical elements are identifiable,sequence space is readable and collective cognition is memorable.Therefore,the traditional distirct by selective cognition is not only composed of the feeling of space during the walking process,but also by the potential control and influence of time and complexity factors such as memory and emotion.It involves two dimensions of space and time and shows the temporal and spatial characteristics.The second part is the third chapter.This chapter intends to do the environmental cognition survey and analysis of the ZhuangShi traditional district from the subjective cognition of human beings.Firstly,common data of subjective observations are obtained through cognitive map method,picture identification method and eye tracking method;secondly,differential data of selective memory are obtained through the question-and-answer interview of the local residents in ZhuangShi traditional district.Based on these two types of data,we draw the conclusions that the overall perception of the environment when people walk in traditional district is formed by the points and lines that people notice,so this chapter began to analyze the points,lines and memories in the ZhuangShi traditional district follows the identifiability of the historical elements ? the readability of the sequence space and the memorability of collective cognition.The third part is the fourth chapter.This chapter aims to“selectively” repair the ZhuangShi traditional district based on the analysis results of the midpoint,line and memory of the ZhuangShi traditional district in the third chapter.Firstly,we design"points"according to the characteristics of memorizing,make the historical elements of ZhuangShi traditional district has more "identifiability"by using the figure-background relationship to highlight "significant differences",Secondly,we organize the"line"according to using the law of perception,make the river street becomes a "readable""route through our aspects: set the river street node? respair the river street fa?ade?design the first floor of the river street and the control interface of the river street.Finally,we give the traditional district “ emotions ” relying on collective memory by restoring historical elements or places and old names in the ZhuangShi traditional district.In this paper,the subjective and time dimensions are involved in the traditional objective spatial planning dimension.On the one hand,the “historical built environment image” is proposed for the first time from the perspective of environmental cognition,and“selectively” repair method is explored on this basis.On the other hand,adding the time dimension to environmental cognition constructs the collective cognition of historical memory and further expands the theory and method of “the image of the city”.This paper not only opens up a new perspective for the protection research of traditional districts,but also provides a method exploration under the organic renewal protection mode,which provides reference for the protection and renewal practice of traditional districts in China.