| With the rapid development of China’s economy,resources have been fully utilized,which will inevitably lead to the flow of resources to industries and regions where they can play the most valuable role,generate the demand for freight transportation,and promote the development of railway freight business.On the other hand,with the development of economy and the continuous improvement of per-capita income,people’s consumption demand is also increasing.This will not only drive the railway to transport goods between producing and consuming areas,but also bring the transportation demand due to the differences in product varieties,quality and price,which will promote the rapid development of railway freight business.However,in recent years,China’s industrial structure has been continuously optimized,and the added value of the three major industries has increased rapidly.In 2012,the added value of the tertiary industry surpassed that of the secondary industry for the first time,which has become the main force to promote China’s economic development.With the adjustment of industrial structure,the development speed of the secondary industry with coal,petroleum,iron and steel,metal ore as the main raw materials has slowed down,resulting in a sharp decline in the demand for these raw materials.In addition,China has long relied mainly on coal for power generation.In order to reduce coal-fired pollution,China has vigorously developed other forms of power generation in recent years.Natural gas has become an alternative to coal and an important energy source for power generation,resulting in a reduction in the demand for coal,which in turn has led to a continuous decline in railway freight volume in recent years.In terms of railway freight transport price,the state has formulated a unified charging standard.The price of railway freight is lower than that of highway and aviation.The situation that unit freight is lower than unit transport cost does not meet the requirements of social resource allocation efficiency.The pricing of railway freight transport in our country is constrained by many management problems within the system,which is not completely formed by market competition.As a result,the pricing of some transport sections can not reflect the real market level basically.China’s railway freight transport basically provides a single transport capacity service.With the decreasing demand for railway freight transport,simple transport services can no longer meet the needs of national economic development.The organization and service mode of railway freight production urgently needs comprehensive reform.The purpose of this paper is: firstly,to explore the ways to improve the economic benefits of railway freight transport business,to forecast its future economic benefits,and to provide reference for its future development;secondly,to analyze the economic benefits of railway freight transport business and its influencing factors,and to study the development trend of its economic benefits.It also explores the development potential of railway freighttransport business,seeks for new economic growth points,and promotes the development of national economy.The research method of this paper is to find out the influencing factors of the economic benefits of the railway freight transport business by reviewing the economic benefits of the railway freight transport business,and to establish a gray prediction model to forecast the railway freight transport demand,unit freight rate and unit transportation cost,and then to predict the economic benefits of the railway freight transport business.According to the forecasting results and combined with the influence of external environment,it is concluded that the railway freight price is lower than the reasonable price,that it is difficult to insure the cost,that the debt ratio is high,that the burden of interest is heavy,and that the depreciation period of fixed assets is divorced from the actual situation.These problems seriously affect the economic benefits of freight transportation business.This paper puts forward some measures to solve these problems,such as reasonable pricing,increasing the proportion of capital,reducing debt ratio,increasing depreciation life and reducing depreciation rate,to improve the economic benefits of railway freight transport business,and to promote the sustainable development of economic benefits of railway freight transport business. |
