The Influence Of Weather Factors On Travel Characteristics Of Urban Shared Bike

Shared bike is a new way of travel in China's shared economy for solving the "last one mile" problem and other issues.However,as a non-motorized transportation method,the use of shared bikes is more affected by natural environmental factors such as weather,etc.than other factors.In recent years,excessive shared bikes have brought many problems to its operators and urban road traffic management department.Currently,the researches on the influencing factors of shared bikes at home and abroad mainly analyze various factors through questionnaires,but few scholars use data analysis methods to study the influence of weather factors on shared bike travel.Therefore,the mechanism of influence is worth studying.This paper mainly studies the influence of weather factors on the sharing rate of shared bike,and selects key weather factors such as temperature and air quality by factor analysis,gray correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis.The data source of this study is made by video survey and intermittent investigation on the flow of shared bikes,motor vehicles and other non-motor vehicles during the morningpeaks,evening peaks and flat peaks in an actual section of Beijing.The survey was conducted for a total of 312 days,and finally 1,164 samples were collected.The specific contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)Analysis on shared bike users and travel characteristics.This paper first analyzes the existing part of the shared bike travel data,and then obtains the user characteristics such as the size,age,income distribution and riding time distribution of the shared bike users,as well as the characteristics of travel destinations,travel time distribution characteristics and travel space distribution characteristics.The study found that the scale of users of shared bikes is relatively stable,and the income distribution is concentrated in the middle level and mainly used for short distance travel.In terms of travel,the main function of shared bike is to connect with subway,bus and other transportation ways.Users' travel starts and ends are mainly concentrated in subway stations,residential areas and office areas,and their travel time is chiefly concentrated in the morning and evening peaks.(2)Basic statistical analysis of the sharing rate and its influencing factors.Firstly,the data of the sharing rate during the morning peaks,evening peaks and flat peaks on working days and rest days are analyzed.It is concluded that the peak rate of morning and evening peaks is higher than other time periods.Then through the correlation analysis of the influencing factors,it is found that PM2.5 and other air factors are negatively correlated with horizontal visibility.Finally,through analyzing the relationship between the sharing rate and various influencing factors,it is concluded that when the air quality pollution aggravates,the sharing rate will decrease;the temperature owns a positive correlation with the sharing rate;the sharing rate in rainy days is obviously lower than that in sunny days.(3)Factor analysis and gray correlation analysis of factors affecting the sharing ratio.The main influence factors of working days and rest days were extracted by factor analysis method.The gray correlation analysis between each factor and the sharing rate showed that the temperature factor had the greatest impact on the working day sharing rate,and the environmental measurable factors affected the rest day sharing rate in the greatest extent.(4)Multivariate linear regression analysis on the sharing rate.Firstly,weather conditions,the categorical variables,are quantified,and a regression model is constructed.After the process of variable screening and relevant checking,the regression equation is obtained.Variables such as temperature and heavy rain are found to be the main factors affecting the sharing rate.Finally,the author proposes suggestions for optimizing the amount of shared bikes.