| With the increasing of the elderly population,ageing and aging increasing,the demand for space environment is increasing.However,in the guidance of architectural design,the relevant norms and regulations for the old-age building space are not detailed at present and there is no obvious difference between the attention of the elderly and the attention of the young.Barrier-free design seems to be a customary in most of the space design of old-age buildings.However,there are few studies from the perspective of human perceived comfort.Based on the current situation of the increasingly urgent demand for the aged in China.Pension institutions as important pension space.The comfort and rationality of the environment is particularly important.This article is mainly divided into three parts:(1)fundamental research,The research background is described,The existing problems of pension institutions are put forward,The purpose and significance of the study are put forward according to the needs of the elderly and the current situation of space use,Summarize the related research status at home and abroad through literature review,defines the relevant concepts,puts forward the research content and research methods,and combs the research framework.(2)In theory and research,through literature review,Summarized the visual physiological and functional characteristics of the elderly and the relationship between the visual ability of the elderly and the building space.Based on the theory of emotional recognition in psychology,the experimental research method of human factors for perceived comfort is put forward and the reference of this study.This paper investigates and summarizes the existing visual-related problems in the living space of pension institutions and the daily behavior of the elderly,and extracts the necessary spatial behavior related to the visual comfort of the elderly,which will support the later experimental and design suggestions.(3)Core part,according to the spatial behavior related to vision,carries on the experiment research and puts forward the design suggestion separately.1)About the space brightness research part,carries on the human factor experiment aiming at the behavior of reading books and newspapers for the elderly,collects the skin electric reaction index,and light illumination indicators of visual comfort were obtained by combining subjective scoring questionnaire.Lighting simulation of residential space was carried out according to the indicators,through analysis to get the window size that meets the visual comfort illumination brightness;2)About the space distance research part,carries on the human factor experiment aiming at the behavior of watching TV,collects the skin electric reaction index,optimum visual distance for visual comfort is obtained by combining subjective scoring questionnaire.Combining with the existing layout problems of residential space in pension institutions,this paper gives reasonable spatial layout and size,as well as the layout suggestions of TV sets.3)About the space turning research part,In view of the elderly’s behavior of recognizing the ground elevation difference in toilets,eye movement indexes of the total fixation time and the first fixation time of the elderly were collected by eye movement experiment.and combined with subjective scoring questionnaire,the most recognizable step height of the elderly was obtained.Considering the problems in actual use,the paper gives reasonable method of floor elevation difference of toilet.4)About the the use of residential space color research part,aiming at the recognition and preference of the elderly for color,eye movement experiment method is used to collect the total gaze length and pupil diameter eye movement indicators of the elderly.Combining with subjective scoring questionnaire,the most favorite and easily recognizable colors of the elderly are obtained.According to the analysis results,suggestions on color design of comfortable color matching and logo color design are put forward. |
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