| With the development of economy and society,urban construction land demand increasing in China,with the increase of population,cultivated land resources more precious.But,the development of rural space is lack of scientific unified planning.According to the strategy of rural revitalization and the specific situation in Sichuan province,it is proposed to build a new happy and beautiful village with its own characteristics based on the reality of plains,hills,mountains and ethnic regions,taking into account the differences in natural conditions,positioning of main functional areas,resources and social and economic conditions in different regions.Wanyuan,terrain is given priority to with mountain,is an agriculture area.The construction of rural residential land for residential area is large;farmers leave behind old houses when they have new one;the consciousness of the peasant saving land resources is not high.As the change of peasant’s life concept,the existing residential environment cannot meet the farmers increased demand in terms of life and production.In order to improve the living environment to meet the living and production needs of farmers,this paper analyzed the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rural residential areas in Shuiwozi Village,and combined the influencing factors with the needs of farmers in terms of living environment to establish evaluation system.This paper classified the settlements according to the evaluation results and gived suggestions to improve living environment in rural residential area.This paper used ArcGIS10.2 to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in Shuiwozi Village,then,excavated the influencing factors.The overall distribution type of rural residential areas is cohesive,and the distribution of residential areas has obvious river and road orientation.The west bank of the river in the south of the village and the east bank of the river in the village are densely distributed;the rural settlements are mainly distributed in the areas with lower altitude and lower slope,farmers are biased to settle on the sunny slope when the elevation and slope conditions permit.The distribution pattern of residential areas is generally striped,with centralized and scattered forms in localized areas.The influencing factors of the spatial distribution of rural residential areas are related to each other.It mainly includes natural factors such as climate,topography and land resources,location factors such as distance from rivers,rural roads and towns,and socio-cultural factors such as Fengshui and family neighborhood.This paper combined the influencing factors of rural residential space layout with the living needs of farmers,and selectd 18 indicators,such as housing structure,settlement degree,farming radius,and elevation from life,production and ecology.The residential utility of residential areas was evaluated.The results showd that the impact of residential vacancy rate,aggregation degree and housing structure was obvious in life utility.In production efficiency,the distance from residential to rural roads and the distance from residential to rivers are more obvious.In ecology efficiency,it is most affected by natural disasters,followed by the treatment method of domestic garbage,and the greening rate around the residential area.According to the evaluation results,rural residential areas in Shuiwozi Village were divided into three types:village-level dominant residential areas,social-level dominant residential areas and key-adjusted residential areas.The suggestions to integrat living space of various types of residential areas was proposed.The space of village-level dominant residential areas has obvious expansion trend in the future,and basic farmland is the limiting factor for its expansion;social-grade dominant residential areas can improve residential efficiency by eliminating restrictive factors;The adjustment-type residential areas are the main relocation targets in the village area,but the residential areas with better houses and road can be reserved temporarily. |
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