Research On The Ship Accidents In The Republic Of China

The ship is a machine which is driven by mechanical power.Ships are different from traditional wooden ships because of their high speed,large tonnage and large carrying capacity.On the one hand,shipping industry is the product of monopolistic imperialism encroaching on China;on the other hand,it is the leading industry of China's state capitalist economic development.In a word,the shipping industry played an important role in the national economy of modern China.Due to the unbalanced development among foreign imperialists,the contradictions of different imperialists in China are sometimes irreconcilable.Therefore,it is inevitable that the shipping industry has become the "field" where various forces of China and foreign countries compete with each other,and has become a remarkable symbol and epitome of China's modern social and economic development and change.During the period of the Republic of China,thanks to the promotion of domestic national capital and the patriotic and democratic movement against foreign goods,China's shipping industry made certain achievements and improved its status in the mutual struggling with the shipping forces of foreign powers.However,the development of this period was unbalanced.Along with the development of ship shipping industry,there are more and more maritime safety problems and maritime accidents existing.There are various types of shipping accidents,including ship stranding,hitting rocks.collision,explosion,theft,ship missing,as well as ship itself and equipment being destroyed.Because the ship is more advanced than the wooden ship,the speed of navigation and carrying capacity is faster and huger,once the ship has been caught accident,it is more likely to cause huge loss of life and property.Especially during the period of Nan Jing national government,the situation of water traffic safety was grim,and what is more serious is that major shipping accidents occurred frequently.Shipping accidents are worthy of attention and research,which are closely related to shipping companies,government shipping system and social security system.Thestudy of shipping accidents has important reference values for the transportation history,financial history and other fields in modern China.The occurrence of ship shipping accidents is not only related to natural conditions such as climate,but also to human factors such as the management of ship companies,the level of seamen's driving,the operating conditions of ports and the unimpeded degree of routes.The characteristics of shipping accidents reflect the imbalance of the development of China's shipping industry.The rescue of ship and shipping accident is a complex project,which needs the cooperation of government,charity organizations and commercial organizations.During the period of the Republic of China,foreign shipping companies were powerful,and China's national shipping industry was also developed.In the period of the Republic of China,shipping accidents occurred frequently,and the scale of shipping industry was large with heavy casualties and high damage rate.As a result of the abnormal development of the shipping industry,the accident rate in the coastal areas was significantly higher than that in the inland,and the accident rate of domestic vessels was significantly higher than that of the foreign vessels.The imperfection of navigation administration system leads to the chaos of navigation administration management,which is also an important factor threatening the navigation safety of ships.At the same time,human factors should not be ignored.Once a maritime accident has occurred,ships should make every effort to minimize the risk of loss of life and property.During the period of the republic of China,the main rescue bodies of accidents included: Government Agencies and Personnel such as Patrol Police and Military Police,Red Cross Society,nearby Ships and Non-Governmental Charitable Relief Groups such as Self-Rescue,Helper-Fame and Lifesaving Bureau,as well as Ship Companies and Ship Insurance Companies.Due to some factors such as limited life-saving equipment,shortage of life-saving force,and passive-work of rescue personnel,the overall rescue effect of shipping accidents in the Republic of China was not satisfying.What is more serious is that sovereignty of partial shipping is destroyed and the phenomenon of hitting and running of outer ship is not uncommon.If the handling of shipping accidents is not reasonable,it willeasily cause group problems to a large extent,thus affecting the social stability.After the shipping accident,due to the special social and historical environment,it is difficult for the foreign ships to perform their duties in dealing with the aftermath,and passengers' lives and property losses are often unable to obtain reasonable compensation,which leads to tragedies.