| ObjectiveWith the rapid development of national economy and the continuous advancement of science and technology in China,nuclear energy and nuclear technology have been widely used in industrial and agricultural production,scientific research,military and medical enterprise,especially the application of radiological diagnosis and treatment technology has developed rapidly,and radiological diagnosis and treatment technology has became the indispensable technical in medical diagnosis and treatment,it has greatly promoted the development and progress of the medical enterprise.However,radiation is a “double-edged sword”.While radiological diagnosis and treatment technology is beneficial to human beings,if the principles of “Justification” and “Optimization” are not implemented in radiological diagnosis and treatment activities,it would brought additional radiation exposure to radiation workers,even affected their health and life safety.Particularly for interventional radiologists who operated near to the radiation source and were exposed to high dose of radiation,there would be greater health risks if the principles of “Justification” and “Optimization” are not implemented in their work.Recent studies have shown that the health status of interventional radiology operators is worrying.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study personal dose monitoring and health risk analysis of interventional radiology operators.This study has expanded the content of the original research plan.Not only the individual dose monitoring and health risks of interventional radiology operators were analyzed,but also the overall situation of protection in radiological diagnosis and treatment in China was analyzed,and the corresponding countermeasures were put forward on this basis.The research results and countermeasures are important to improve the level of radiation protection and quality control in radiological diagnosis and treatment activities in our country.MethodsAccording to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases(Order No.81 of the President of the People’s Republic of China),Regulations for the Safety and Protection of Radioisotope and Radiological Devices(Order No.449 of State Council),the Measures for the Administration of Occupational Health of Radiation Workers(Order No.55 of the Ministry of Health),and the Measures for the Administration of radiological diagnosis and treatment(Order No.46 of the Ministry of Health,)and related standards of radiological protection and quality control in radiological diagnosis and treatment,We got the relevant data fromthe medical radiation protection monitoring network information system,personal dose information system of radiation worker and occupational radiological disease reporting system,combined analysis with literature research,field investigation,etc.Focus on the dose and protection status of interventional radiologists who received larger doses,find out the problems,and propose countermeasures and recommendations.Provide scientific basis for strengthening the management of radiological diagnosis and treatment for relevant national departments and formulating policies,regulations and standards.Results:1.In China,there were 50,555 institution of radiological diagnosis and treatment in 2013,53,358 in 2014,and 56,663 in 2015.The institution of radiological diagnosis and treatment s are growing at a rate of 6% per year.2.In China,there were 103,000 equipments of radiological diagnosis and treatment in 2013,111,000 in 2014,and 118,000 in 2015.Radiological diagnosis and treatment equipment grew at a rate of 6%-8% per year.3.In China,the frequency of radiology diagnosis and treatment was 394 million person-times/year in 2013,406 million person-times/year in 2014,and 454 million person-times/year in 2015.The frequency of diagnosis and treatment increased by 3%--11.8% every year,especially from 2014 to 2015 the growth rate increased to 11.8%.4.In 2017,the occupational health check rate of radiation workers was 83.9% in institution of radiological diagnosis and treatment,and the personal dose monitoring rate was 94.5%.5.In China it has established a relatively complete system of laws,regulations and standards.Conclusion:1.The number of radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions,equipment and the frequency of diagnosis and treatment in China has grown rapidly.The application of radiological diagnosis and treatment technology has developed rapidly,and it hasbecame an indispensable technical for medical diagnosis and treatment,which has greatly promoted the advancement of medical enterprise.2.There are still many problems in radiation protection of radiological diagnosis and treatment,and the abuse of radiological diagnosis and treatment technology still exists.The radiation protection awareness of radiation workers in medical institutions is weak,especially the health status of interventional radiology workers is worrying,radiation protection of interventional radiology workers need to be strengthened.3.The relevant state departments should make further efforts in the following areas.Further improve relevant laws and regulations and promote the legislative work of the Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Radiation Injury;further improve the operability and applicability of radiological health standards;strengthen the training of radiation workers and raise their consciousness of protection;promote the real implementation of the principle of “Justification”;further standardize the layout of nuclear medicine workplace;strengthen personal dose monitoring of internal radiation for nuclear medical staff;further strengthen the supervision and management of radiation diagnosis and treatment institutions;establish and perfect the medical physicists system;and improve the radiation health information system. |
