Research On Key Technologies For Ultra-wideband Wireless Interconnection In Spacecraft

With the development of space science and application technology,satellites carry more and more functions,and the amount of data to be transmitted is also growing rapidly.The increase in the amount of data will inevitably lead to an increase in the data cables inside the spacecraft,making it more difficult to load the stars and the layout of the cables.The use of wireless communications instead of wired communications within the spacecraft can help reduce the weight of the spacecraft as well as the cost of launching,while also providing more flexibility in arranging the spacecraft subsystem.However,the closed space of the metal inside the spacecraft constitutes a strong multipath propagation environment,which deteriorates the performance of the traditional narrowband communication system.Ultra-wideband(UWB)wireless communication technology has advantages such as wide bandwidth,high data rate,strong anti-multipath capability,low power consumption,and small interference to other devices compared with traditional narrowband technology.It is very suitable for high-speed communication in narrow confined spaces in satellite cabins and has broad application prospects in the aerospace field.This paper mainly studies the wireless interconnection application of ultra-wideband technology in spacecraft.The main contents are as follows:Firstly,the research background of the subject and the development status of the wireless interconnect research of spacecraft internal payload are introduced.The gaps between domestic and foreign research are analyzed,and the significance of research on ultra-wideband wireless interconnection in spacecraft is expounded.Secondly,the characteristics of the wireless channel in the spacecraft are explored.The paper uses electromagnetic channel simulation software Wireless InSite to simulate the electromagnetic field of the 3D model of small spacecraft,and explores the influence of the internal structure of the spacecraft on the channel characteristics,and obtains the relevant channel characteristic parameters.Then the design and implementation of ultra-wideband wireless communication experimental system are introduced.By selecting the ultra-wideband wireless transceiver chip DW1000 and the STM32F105 RC control chip,the hardware platform of the ultra-wideband wireless communication experiment system is built.By programming the upper computer software to control the hardware platform,the communication function between the two nodes is realized.The actual communication test is carried out inside the small spacecraft model to verify the feasibility and reliability of the application of ultra-wideband wireless communication in the spacecraft.Finally,the design process of picosecond pulse compression circuit based on nonlinear transmission line is introduced.The principle of nonlinear transmission line to pulse edge compression is analyzed.The relationship between circuit parameters and output pulse parameters is studied,and the performance of pulse compression circuit is tested.Provide technical support for ultra-wideband wireless communication with high bit rate in spacecraft.