Study On Cognition Process Of Roda Traffic Signs And Its Influencing Factors At Night

With the improvement of China's comprehensive strength,people's demand for material is increasing.Automobile has become an indispensable means of transportation for modern family travel.At present,China's motor vehicle ownership continues to grow rapidly,and the number of vehicles transported at night is increasing,which leads to the increasing severity of night traffic accidents.Therefore,how to reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents and improve driving safety factor has attracted the attention of the whole society.The function of traffic signs is to provide timely and accurate information for drivers,which is regarded as the silent language on the road and plays a guiding and warning role for drivers to reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents.However,with the improvement of the accuracy and quickly requirements of road information,the cognitive of traffic signs under night is not ideal,which makes traffic signs unable to provide timely and accurate information for people,which may directly lead to traffic accidents.Based on a thorough understanding of the status quo of traffic sign recognition at home and abroad,this paper first constructs the cognitive process structure model of traffic sign and the cognitive influencingfactors structure model of traffic sign,and puts forward hypotheses according to the model.Secondly,121 traffic signs used in Road Traffic Signs and Markings are used as experimental materials.E-Prime software and questionnaire were used to conduct traffic sign information test,traffic sign night cognitive process test and traffic sign night cognitive test.The results show that:1.In the traffic sign information quantity test,the average information quantity of traffic sign is 0.646,and the maximum information quantity sign is "limited axle load reaching 0.874,while" attention pedestrian" and "attention signal" are two signs of zero information quantity in 121 traffic signs.2.In the night cognitive process test of traffic signs,participants can perceive the existence of signs and judge the type of signs by the color and shape of traffic signs.When the traffic signs are fully presented,participants can understand the information provided by signs through their own experience and knowledge.3.In the night cognitive test of traffic signs,the subjects'awareness of traffic signs was significantly reduced under night conditions,but the familiarity of traffic signs was the lowest in the evaluation of traffic signs'characteristics under different light conditions.Therefore,traffic signs need to be redesigned.4.People s perception of the five characteristics of traffic signs in the night environment has declined,while the perception of semantic proximity of traffic signs transmission has declined,which is the main reason for the reduction ofpeople's perception of traffic signs.There are significant differences between the two groups,and there is a significant positive correlation between the five characteristics,that is,the change of one sign will cause the positive change of other signs;the five characteristics of traffic signs are significantly related to the recognition of signs,among which the relationship between semantic proximity and the recognition rate of signs is the strongest,and the others are concise,definite and familiar in turn.The correlation between clarity and marker response time is the strongest,and the others are concreteness,semantic proximity,conciseness and familiarity.5.The results of human factors show that the habits of frequent use of electronic products in life will not improve people's cognitive performance of signs;people who pay attention to signs in life will have better cognitive performance of signs;people who have driver's license will not have better cognitive performance of signs;men and women have the same cognitive ability of traffic signs,that is,cognitive performance of signs and gender is not obvious.Finally,combined with the experimental conclusions and cognitive theory,aiming at the influence of road conditions,road environment and the attribute of road signs on night recognition of road traffic signs,the paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve night recognition of road traffic signs.