Design And Implementation Of The Core Modules Of FPGA-based Real-time Simulator For Active Distribution Systems

With the widely integration of distributed generators,electric vehicles and the demand side response resources,active distribution networks(ADN)shows great complexity in operation mode and dynamic behavior,which bring new challenges for the real-time simulation of ADN.The FPGA-based real-time simulator takes advantage of many merits of field-programmable gate array(FPGA),such as small time-step,high simulation precision,rich I/O interface resources,and low cost,which is drawing more attention in the field of real-time simulation.This paper focuses on the core modules of FPGA-based real-time simulator for AND,including solver design and I/O interface design,to further impove its performance in solving and hardware-in-the-loop simulation.The main constributions can be summarized as follows:1)High-performance I/O interface for FPGA-based real-time simulator of active distribution networks is designed and implemented.The I/O interface framework of the simulator is proposed to fulfil communication requirement between the simulator and external devices.A universal high-precision A/D converter interface is designed to accept signal from physical devices.A universal high-speed D/A converter interface is designed to output the results signal to physical devices,as well as a high-speed photoelectric converter interface with multiple full duplex channels is presented in application of communication between FPGA boards.2)High-performance solver for FPGA-based real-time simulator of active distribution networks is designed and implemented.The high-performance solver is designed to fulfil real-time solving requirement,which includes the solver framework of the simulator,offline preparation process and online solving process.3)Various cases including active distribution network and photovoltaic generation system are simulated in order to validate the designed modules.In the active distribution network aimed at I/O interface,the real irradiance is collected by solar sensor and then imported to the simulator via A/D converter.The results of the simulator are displayed on an oscilloscope via D/A converter.Photovoltaic generation system is simulated to validate the correctness and effectiveness of the solver design.All the results are compared with PSCAD/EMTDC under the same conditions.