A Study On The Behavior Characteristics And Spatial Needs Of The Elderly With Cognitive Impairment

Cognitive impairment is one of the common symptoms in the elderly,and the incidence of cognitive impairment increases with the increase of age,and the mental and behavioral symptoms of the elderly with cognitive impairment make it more difficult to care.Nowadays,the scale of the family is miniaturized,and the family members take into account many social roles.It is very difficult to care for the elderly with cognitive impairment at home,and the demand for professional pension institutions is more urgent.However,due to the lack of understanding of the behavioral characteristics of the elderly with cognitive impairment,most of the pension institutions in our country are lack of pertinence in the functional composition and spatial design of the facilities.In this paper,three nursing units of cognitive impairment in two old-age institutions with professional cognitive impairment were selected as the subjects to study the behavioral characteristics and spatial relationship of the elderly.Through the method of continuous fixed-point observation,the use of unit restaurant,unit public activity room and healing space was observed,and the interactive behavior and individual behavior types of the elderly with different degrees of cognitive impairment were analyzed.The characteristics of behavior place and seat selection are to explore the demand for space use of the elderly with cognitive impairment.A follow-up survey of 18 elderly people with cognitive impairment throughout the day was conducted to record the work they used.Energy space,length of stay in each space,according to the initiative and passivity of the elderly in space movement,try to analyze and summarize the behavior characteristics of different types of elderly,related functional spatial relationship model,Furthermore,some suggestions on the spatial design of the elderly with cognitive impairment,which are mainly based on the space of nursing unit space,are put forward in order to provide reference for the spatial design of nursing institutions for the elderly with cognitive impairment in the future.The main spatial design suggestions of the elderly with cognitive impairment are as follows:(1)there should be two public spaces in the nursing unit,that is,the unit restaurant and the unit activity room should be divided,and the two spaces should have both line of sight and dislocation;(2)the number of seats in the restaurant should be more than the number of elderly people in the unit,and the dining table should be matched with a fo-ur-person table and a single table.(3)the furniture in the activity room should be arranged in groups;(3)the independent healing space is difficult to play and should be set up in combination with other usage functions.(4)the main functional spaces used by the elderly with cognitive impairment are:bedroom,unit restaurant,unit activity room,outdoor platform or outdoor.Garden,unit public bathroom,multi-function hall,organization public activity space outside the unit.The relationship between bedroom and unit restaurant and unit activity room should be strengthened.In addition,there should be direct connection between unit activity room and outdoor space,unit restaurant and public bathroom.