Study On Ecological Design Techniques Of Traditional Villages Landscape In Southern Shaanxi Province

Traditional villages in southern Shaanxi are located in the complex mountainous environment.Through the historical accumulation of thousands of years of research,profound ecological construction wisdom has been accumulated in adapting to regional conditions.This study analysis ecological design techniques in traditional villages in southern Shaanxi province,so as to excavate the wisdom of ancient people to build traditional villages.It is helpful for the harmonious development of traditional villages in southern Shaanxi province.Based on traditional villages,village ecosystem and ecological design techniques as the theoretical basis study regional features of traditional villages in southern Shaanxi province.Qing Mu Chuan village,a typical village,was selected as a case for in-depth study by studying the regional characteristics of traditional villages in southern Shaanxi.The traditional villages in the construction process exists ‘to avoid the disaster' and ‘tend to benefit',the ‘double' target need to response to different environmental factors make a different construction strategy.Finally,ecological design techniques are summarized for traditional village construction.There are three levels of specific research.In the macro location,the objective of ‘to avoid the disaster' is to avoid the flood zone,avoid the geological disaster area and locate the site outside the biological protection zone;‘tend to benefit' is to adapt to the topography,hydrology,climate and soil.In the medium landscape pattern,‘to avoid the disaster' target performance for settlement plaque bring minimum disturbance to the environment.Settlement plaque should be banded discrete distribution,the villages scale remain stable and the villages have a buffer for reducing the disturbance to the environment.The objective of ‘tend to benefit' is to adapt to the environmental factors of the accumulation of patches,farmland patches and woodland patches.In the application of micro-rural technology,the goal of ‘to avoid the disaster' is to use the rainwater collection,to reduce pollution and to apply the local technology and local materials.The objective of the ‘tend to benefit' is to build on the mountain and reduce the excavation and maintain the natural continuity.Through the in-depth study of Qing Mu Chuan village,30 ecological design techniques are obtained.The research content of this paper is divided into seven chapters.The first chapter includes research background,research objective,research significance,research method,research reviewed and research framework.The second chapter is the basic theory research,the concrete content include the definition,three hierarchical relationship of traditional villages and natural environment research and related theories in this study the application of the way.The study establishe the research target,and generalize the research train of thought.The third chapter is the study of the traditional villages landscape features in southern Shaanxi.The concrete content include native traditional distribution of villages,traditional villages in southern Shaanxi landscape elements and regional characteristics.Traditional villages in landscape ecology are reviewed and the selection of typical traditional village in southern Shaanxi.According to the study,Qing Mu Chuan village not only depends on mountains and rivers but also discrete distribution along the river village.What is more,eclecticism culture of Qing Mmu Chuan include the north and south culture,which is a typical traditional villages.The fourth chapter study is ecological design techniques refinement of Qing Mu Chuan village site selection.The specific contents include the overview of Qing Mu Chuan village,the general situation of Qing Mu Chuan village site selection,ecological design techniques of village site selection aiming at the ecological security of human settlements and ecological design techniques of site selection in adapting to environmental factors.The fifth chapter is ecological design techniques of landscape pattern in Qing Mu Chuan village.The concrete content includ overview Qing Mu Chuan village landscape pattern,ecological design techniques in minimum disturbance to the environment and to adapt to the ecological environment factors.The sixth chapter is ecological design techniques of local technology in Qing Mu Chuan village,including overview and detail Qing Mu Chuan village construction materials,rainwater collection and utilization of ecological design techniques,ecological design techniques in local techniques and materials used,mountain leaning the construction and maintaining the continuity of natural processes of ecological design techniques.The seventh chapter summarizes the contents and deficiencies of the research.There are two innovations in this paper.Firstly,innovation from research perspective,this paper is different from other studies on ‘tend to benefit' of traditional villages.It is believed that there are two goals of ‘to avoid the disaster' and ‘tend to benefit' in the construction of traditional villages.Second,different from the general study on the ecological wisdom of traditional villages,30 specific ecological design techniques are extracted from macroscopic,mesoscopic and microscopic aspects.