Research On Drivers' Hazard Perception Considering The Effect Of Road Traffic Environment

In order to analyze the driver's hazard perception characteristics and influencing factors in the traffic environment,the traffic environment is divided into objective traffic situations,traffic environment under the constraints of traffic rules,and social traffic environment.Combined with experimental tests,large sample questionnaires and theoretical analysis,etc.,the characteristics of drivers' perceptions of danger in different levels of traffic environment are explored,which provides a theoretical basis for improving drivers' driving safety.The main content of this article is as follows:In terms of objective traffic situations,through the classification of objective traffic hazard situations,the choice of experimental materials and subjects,and the experiment,there are many aspects experimental data,such as reaction time,risk degree,clutter degree,number of invalid identification,number of unidentified,and eye movement behavior,were analyzed for differences and correlations.The analysis results indicate that there are significant differences in different types of traffic hazard situations such as drivers' reaction time,risk degree assessment,average number of fixations,average number of saccades,and numbers of unidentified of hazardous scenes.For participants,there is a correlation between the degree of hazard in the traffic situation and the degree of clutter.The higher the degree of hazard in the traffic situation,the more easily the hazard is perceived by the driver.The degree of clutter in the traffic situations is higher,the number of unidentified and the subject's fixation duration are smaller.Concerning the traffic environment constrained by traffic rules,the data of driver's cognition and compliance for traffic rules were collected and the driver's perception of hazards questionnaire in the traffic environment was designed based on the data analysis results.After tested by a large sample of data,the reliability and validity of the questionnaire are reliable,and a number of significant paths are obtained based on the established structural equation model.The analysis results indicate that the “forgetting” and “not-noticing” of the traffic rules are the crucial factors that determine the failure of the driver's cognition of traffic rules and the driver's illegal behavior.The higher the price of traffic violations brought by the constraints of traffic rules,the more the driver will “pay attention” to the traffic rules,and the more the driver pays attention to the traffic rules,the fewer the number of traffic violations,and there is a significant correlation between the number of drivers' traffic violations and liability accidents.In the aspect of traffic social environment,it is considered that the traffic environment contains eight major components.After the deduction by fault tree analysis,it is discovered that the failure of driver's hazard perception is caused by the driver's own factors,hazard characteristics,and social factors.The driver's physiology limitations,the lack of a sound mental model,the low degree of hazard manifestation,the large amount of dangerous information,multiple sources of hazard,and nonfeasance of traffic supervision,low traffic ethic,and traffic mental phenomenon are multiple factors in the failure of driver's hazard perception.Strengthen traffic regulations,traffic ethics construction,social supervision,fine design of road projects,and driver perception training can have a beneficial effect on drivers' awareness of risks and driving safety.