Comprehensive Cognition Of Academies In The Middle And Lower Reaches Of Xiangjiang River Based On Cultural Geography

Academy,exists for thousands of years,is an important place for carrying and spreading culture.Its development and evolution are inseparable from its cultural and geographical background.Therefore,this thesis takes the architectural research as the foundation and cross-analyze through the perspective of cultural geography to explore the cultural landscape features and its influencing factors.First of all,this thesis analyzes the cultural and geographical factors related to the academies in the middle and lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River,and concludes that the development of the academies in that area is the result of the combined effects of the ecological environment and various cultures.This cultural district is closer to the political center than other cultural districts in Hunan,and the terrain and transportation are more convenient,which lays an advantageous preemptive status for the development of academies in this region.Geographical advantages also make this cultural district in the leading position of the province in aspects of administration,social economyand cultural diffusion.Under suchadvantages of both culture and geography,the academies in the middle and lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River are developing rapidly.Secondly,after conducting field investigations and detailed qualitative and quantitative studies on the existing academies with cultural values in the middle and lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River,this thesis conducts multidimensional induction and combing of the cultural landscapes of the academies in this region.At the same time,through the horizontal comparison with other cultural districts in Hunan Province and the Ganjiang River Academy in Jiangxi Province,a comprehensive understanding of the cultural landscape of the academies in the middle and lower reaches of the Xiangjiang has been obtained.The cultural landscape characteristics of the academy in this cultural district are mainly reflected in its site selection environment,functional layout,architectural form,decorative artand spatial construction.Most of its sites are on the foothills,gentle slopesor sandbars;the functional layout is regular and the orientation is to attach more importance to worship than book collection.There is a certain degree ofofficialization trend in the architectural form.The decorative arts and spatialform are dominated by the ideas of thrifty and being practical advocated by literati,which are simple and elegant.Due to the difference in geographical environment,different cultural districts have obvious differences in the location and layout.And the differences in cultural backgrounds also make the officialization of the architectural layout and form clearly differentiate.Finally,this thesis continues to explore the forming factors of its cultural landscape features.From a cultural and ecological point of view,the location of the academy's siting environment is a result of adaptations between nature and humanities.The literati demanded the environment,and the environment,in turn,made it possible to compromise through the constraints of the terrain.Andtherefore a diversity of site environment are formed.From the perspective of the comprehensive role of culture,the academy was inspired by Buddhist lectures during the construction process,the influence of private schools and folk culture on the layout and decoration,the influence of official culture on function and architectuarl form,and the culture of ceremonial music on the spatial sequence of the academy,as well as the elite culture leadership of the academy decoration space.From the point of cultural diffusion,the middle and lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River has always been favored by advanced immigrants.The advanced culture and production technology brought by immigrants have laid a foundation and promoted the construction of the academy in this region.As a result,the academies in the middle and lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River are distinguished from other cultural areas,and form a unique cultural landscape under the combined effects of their geographical environment and multiculturalism.This thesis provides a theoretical basis for the study and protection of local academy in the process of cultural inheritance through the comprehensive understanding of the cultural landscape of the academy.