Study On Appropriate Application Technologies In Renovation Of Existing Residential Buildings In Germany

Energy is an important issue related to the national economy and the people's daily life.The shortage of energy is going to restrict the development of human society.Energy consumed by buildings accounts a large proportion of the total social energy consumption,therefore,energy saving and emission reduction work on building area have taken seriously.Energy-saving renovation of existing residential buildings is an important part of the project.German have already practiced building energy-saving renovation for nearly 40 years,have accumulated some experiences,it can be a meaningful reference for China.Germany has already established a set of sound energy-saving renovation system with economic incentives,legal guarantees and technical support.In this article,the energy-saving renovation technologies of existing residential buildings in Germany are takes as the research object,showing the using of appropriate technology in insulation,lighting,shading and ventilation,in order to provide technologies and other experiences to China's existing residential building energy-saving process.The first chapter is an introduction part,elaborating the topic selection and research significance.This chapter introduces the research status of existing residential buildings in China and on abroad and explains the research ideas and research methods of the article.The second chapter describes the current situation of energy-saving renovation in Germany,describing the background and development of energy-saving renovation of existing residential buildings in Germany and the development of laws and regulations,then bringing out the principle of appropriate renovation-"least intervention",supplement principle,circulation principle.In this chapter,the geography and climate conditions in Gennany are outlined.Then,the current status of residential buildings and energy consumption in Germany are summarized.Germany has a large stock of existing residential buildings,which contains a vast energy-saving potential.The overall goal of energy conservation can be achieved through a sound system of economic incentives and legal guarantees.Finally,it involves the energy consumption analysis and influencing factors of the existing residential buildings in Germany.The third chapter discusses the appropriate technical measures for thermal insulation of existing residential buildings,which mainly related to thermal insulation materials,external wall insulation,roof insulation,thermal insulation of windows and doors.The first section outlines the measures to keep warm and prevent condensation,and lists common insulation materials in Germany.The second section discusses the technical requirements for thermal insulation of exterior walls,and then elaborates the internal insulation,external insulation of the exterior wall and plant insulation practices in detail.In third section,forth section,the technical requirements and insulation practices of the roof,exterior doors and windows are described respectively,which involved the concrete roof and wooden slope roof insulation measures.The fourth chapter focuses on the appropriate technical application measures for the ventilation of existing residential buildings.It includes the technical regulations,types and seasonal strategies of ventilation,discussing the environmental measures and building strategies of passive natural ventilation,finally complementing the common MVHR ventilation measures,which is widely used in Germany.The fifth chapter discusses the appropriate technical application measures for lighting and shading of existing residential buildings.According to the actual situation of existing residential buildings,different lighting,shading system should be chosen.These systems can be divided into two types,depending on whether shade is provided.the appropriate lighting,shade measures should be chosen according to the location of the system,depending on it is side lighting or top lighting.The sixth chapter describes the conclusion,which summarizes the significance of appropriate technology in the renovation of existing residential buildings in Germany;it is an advanced example for China.