Research On The Layout And Architectural Form Of South-three Courts In The Forbidden City

South-Three Courts is located northeast of Wenhua Palace,south of Ningshou Palace and north of Donghua Gate in the Forbidden City.The Ming Dynasty called it Ciqing Palace.It formed today's appearance after repairs and reconstructions in the Qianlong period.Yongyan(Renzong),Minning(Xuanzong)and other princes lived here.Together with the Forbidden City,South-Three Courts exists as the most powerful center of the Ming and Qing dynasties in China.Its history of over 500 years has reflected the drastic changes in Chinese society,politics,economy and culture.As a witness in the process of Chinese history,it has important historical value.There are rare domestic studies on the theory of the South-Three Courts.Through the multi-angle analysis of the South-Three Courts,we seek to have a deeper understanding of the South-Three Courts building complexes and we hope that the theory can inspire future generations.Based on research,surveying,mapping data collection,and a large amount of literature research,the paper systematically analyzed the South-Three Courts in terms of historical evolution,courtyard layout,architectural forms,and detailed features,which provides a reference for the protection,repair and research of the South-Three Courts.The article is composed of three parts:The first part put forward a question.Analysis and summarize background,purpose,significance,and domestic research status of the South-Three Courts.The second part mainly analysis the background of the building,which mainly refers to the second chapter of the article.Through the historical records and related records of the drawings,based on the research of the older scholars,analysis and summarize the construction of the Forbidden City and the history of South-Three Courts.The third part is the analysis of the problem and the conclusion,it is the core content of the thesis.It use ritual system and the Five Elements Theory to show the origin of the site of the South-Three Courts,Analysis the South-Three Courts as a whole the layout of the main space and subspace.Analysis the layout of the plan,the proportional relationship between surface area and depth,the composition and scale of the facade,the characteristics of the wood,analysis the type,age,and characteristics of the painting,the construction techniques of bricks and tiles,and the grading of the roof.Summarize the generality and particularity of South-Three Courts as representative of official buildings in the Qing Dynasty.