Health Assessment And Risk Management Ofdrinking Water Sources In Jiangsu Reach Of The Yangtze River

The safety of drinking water is directly related to public health,which is related to the sustainable development of economical society.It is a key part of the construction of water ecological civilization.With the rapid development of social economy,the problem of water pollution is becoming more and more serious.It threatens the safety of water quality safety and the health of water ecosystem in the drinking sources areas of rivers and lakes.And some drinking water sources areas have problems such as substandard water quality,unreasonable coastline layout,frequent occurrence of sudden water pollution incidents,which cannot guarantee the safety of water supply.Therefore,it is great significant to ensure the safety of water supply and reduce the adverse impact of sudden water pollution incidents,by constructing the health assessment method for drinking water sources areas,analyzing the potential environmental risk of water source,and advancing the water source optimization layout and control measures.At present,some domestic and foreign scholars have made some progress in researches,including the health status of the water source,the potential environmental risk assessment,and the cause of the sudden water environment pollution and the risk assessment system.However,the assessment of the health status of the drinking water sources areas was mostly based on the assessment of the water quality safety,ignoring the adverse effects of new pollutants,and not comprehensively considering the ecological health of the drinking water sources areas.The existing risk assessment methods not put forwards to optimal layout and adjustment method of high risk drinking water sources areas,under the background of high strength shoreline utilization.Under the background of high strength shoreline utilization,the potential environmental risk assessment methods was not proposed,and the optimized layout technology of drinking water sources areas with higher risk level needs to be improved.There is still room for improvement in the prejudgment of the accident process and consideration of the followup effects of disposal results in risk simulation evaluation system.On the basis of collecting and analyzing the historical data of the natural environment,social economy,shoreline utilization and the water quality of 27 centralized drinking water sources areas in the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River,the water quality safety and ecological health status of drinking water sources areas were evaluated,and the comprehensive index system of health evaluation was constructed.According to the evaluation results,the drinking water sources areas was obtained,which had relatively poor health status and need to be optimized layout.According to the investigation result of upstream and downstream risk sources in drinking water sources protection areas,the risk level of water source area is divided by establishing risk assessment system of water source area.Based on the risk distribution map of water sources,the measures were proposed about adjustment of pollution sources and the layout of drinking water sources areas.Through the construction of the hydrodynamic water quality model,the situation simulation was carried out,then the ecological risk change process and the emergency management measures of the drinking water sources areas were analyzed,to provide technical support for the safety of the drinking water sources areas and the construction of the reserve drinking water sources areas.The main conclusions of this article include:(1)The conventional water quality in the drinking water sources areas generally reached the class III water standard,and the key indicators were COD and iron.Trace high risk pollutants were lower than the national standard limit.Among the new pollutants,the average ecological risks of typical antibiotics was <0.01,the average activities of the typical estrogen was 0.91 + 1.71 ng EEQ.L-1,and the estrogen activities in the drinking water sources areas generally were low,and individually were higher.Compared with diversity of species,biological integrity indexes were more reliable,and ecosystems of the drinking water sources areas were healthy.Five drinking water sources areas were sub-health,which including the Jiajiang,Huanggang,Erdungang,Weicun and Xiaowan,and need to be optimized the layout.(2)Four drinking water sources areas,such as Yanziji,Longtan,Xishiqiao,Changqingsha,had high risk.The key pollution sources need to be adjusted in the upstream and downstream of drinking water sources areas of Yanziji,Longtan,Xishiqiao.The drinking water sources areas need to be migrated,including the Jiajiang,Huanggang,Weicun and Xiaowan.The drinking water sources areas of Erdungang and Xiaowan were merged into the drinking water sources areas of Pengqigang and Xiaoshan respectively.(3)Based on the hydrodynamic water quality model,the instantaneous and continuous pollution leakages of pollution sources under different scenarios were simulated,and the variation curves of pollution concentration and ecological risk quotient of the drinking water sources areas were obtained.Based on the analysis,the migration process,the diffusion scope and the ecological risk and influence degree of the sudden pollution zone were preliminarily obtained.And the simulation results can guide the emergency managements and control measures of the drinking water sources areas along the Yangtze River under the sudden water pollution accidents.