Analysis Of The Results Of Rural Environmental Sanitation Monitoring In Jilin Province From 2017 To 2018

Objective:By analyzing the monitoring results of rural environmental sanitation in Jilin Province from 2017 to 2018,the rural environmental sanitation status of Jilin Province is evaluated to provide a scientific basis for reducing and eliminating risk factors for rural environmental health,formulating preventive measures for rural environmental health,and protecting public health.Methods:Collected the data of 2017-2018 rural environmental sanitation monitoring results of Jilin Province collected through the preliminary review of the monitoring point,provincial review,and national final review,which was formed by the prevention and control of environmental and health hazard factors of the Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.The data includes:according to China's"Rural Environmental Hygiene Monitoring Work Program"and technical specifications,the basic information of the demographic data and economic status of the monitoring counties and townships collected through the"Basic Situation Questionnaire";use the"Monitoring Situation Survey Table"The basic situation of villages,drinking water sources and water supply methods,toilet types and other rural environmental sanitation conditions at the monitoring points collected by the survey;the basic situation of rural households collected by the"Household Questionnaire",the harmless treatment of toilets and feces,straw burning The situation,the use of pesticides and other health conditions of farmers'households;the soil hygienic status of monitoring points such as soil roundworm eggs and heavy metal pollution obtained using the“Soil Collection and Test Results Report Form”.Use Excel 2010 software to build the database,and use IBM SPSS 24.0 software for data processing and analysis.Categorical variables are expressed in terms of frequency and composition ratio.According to the annual per capita GDP level in the Jilin Province Statistical Yearbook,the nine prefecture-level cities are divided into different economic levels.The?~2 test or Fisher's exact probability method is used to analyze the drinking water sources and water supply methods between different years and regions with different economic levels.Differences in the number of soil roundworm eggs,heavy metal content,the harmless treatment of toilets and feces,pesticide use and straw burning.The inspection level is?=0.05.Results:1.In 2017 and 2018,the total population of rural environmental health monitoring counties in Jilin Province was 4,993.88 million and 4,803,903,respectively,with rural people accounting for 71.56%and 72.23%,respectively.In 2017,Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture had the lowest population and the lowest rural population;in2018,Baishan City had the lowest population and the lowest rural population.In 2017and 2018,the cities with per capita GDP?5000 USD in Jilin Province are Changchun City,Jilin City,Liaoyuan City,Tonghua City,Baishan City and Songyuan City;the cities with per capita GDP<5000 USD are Siping City,Baicheng City and Yanbian Korean Autonomous prefecture.In 2017 and 2018,the median family medical expenses in Jilin Province in the previous year(2016 and 2017)were 3000 yuan.2.From 2017 to 2018,Jilin Province has the largest number of centralized water supply projects with deep well water at the monitoring points,accounting for more than half.In 2017 and 2018,the number of untreated projects in the centralized water supply project of monitoring points in areas with per capita GDP?5000 USD was significantly lower than that in areas with per capita GDP<5000 USD(P<0.05).In2018,the proportion of households using centralized water supply in the monitoring households'drinking water supply in Jilin Province was significantly higher than that in 2017;in 2017 and 2018,the proportion of households using centralized water supply in the area with a per capita GDP?5000 USD was significant.Lower than the area with per capita GDP<5000 US dollars(P<0.05).3.In 2017,the detection rate of soil roundworm eggs in Jilin Province monitoring points was 17.1%;in 2018,the detection rate of soil roundworm eggs in Jilin Province monitoring points was 11.7%.In 2017 and 2018,the detection rate of soil roundworm eggs in areas with per capita GDP?5000 USD was significantly higher than that in areas with per capita GDP<5000 USD(P<0.05).In 2017,the detection rate of live roundworm eggs in Jilin Province monitoring points was 13.3%;in 2018,the detection rate of live roundworm eggs in Jilin Province monitoring points was 8.3%.In 2017 and2018,the detection rate of soil roundworm live eggs in areas with per capita GDP?5000 USD was significantly higher than that in areas with per capita GDP<5000 USD(P<0.05).4.In 2017,the monitoring rate of heavy metal lead in the monitoring points of Jilin Province was 0.6%.In 2018,the monitoring rate of heavy metal in the monitoring points of Jilin Province was 0.There was no significant difference in the monitoring rate of heavy metal lead in different years and different economic levels(P>0.05).In2017,Jilin Province's soil heavy metal cadmium exceeded the standard rate of 19.4%,in 2018,Jilin Province's soil heavy metal cadmium exceeded the standard rate of 23.3%;in 2017 and 2018,the per capita GDP?5000 US dollars exceeded the per capita GDP For regions less than US$5,000,the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).In2017,the monitoring rate of heavy metal chromium in Jilin Province monitoring points was 8.3%.In 2018,the monitoring rate of heavy metal chromium in Jilin Province monitoring points was 0;in 2017,the monitoring rate of heavy metal chromium in Jilin Province monitoring points was greater than that in 2018.The rate of soil heavy metal chromium exceeding the standard in the dollar area is significantly higher than that in the area with per capita GDP<5000 USD(P<0.05).5.In 2017,661 households that did not burn straw in Jilin Province's monitoring sites accounted for 73.4%;in 2018,746 households that did not burn straw,accounting for 82.9%.In 2017 and 2018,the proportion of households that did not burn straw in the area with per capita GDP?5000 USD was less than the area with per capita GDP<5000 USD(P<0.05).6.In 2017,the number of households using pesticides at monitoring points in Jilin Province was 663,accounting for 73.7%.In 2018,the number of households using and not using pesticides in rural areas of Jilin Province was 665,accounting for 73.9%.In2017 and 2018,the proportion of households using pesticides in areas with per capita GDP?5000 USD was significantly higher than in areas with per capita GDP<5000USD(P<0.05).7.In 2017,there were 29,656 hygienic toilets in Jilin Province monitoring points,accounting for 36.6%,and in 2018,Jilin Province,monitoring stations had 22,959sanitary toilets,accounting for 28.4%.In 2018,the type of toilets at the monitoring points in Jilin Province was significantly lower than that in 2017;the toilet types at the monitoring points in 2017 and 2018 were significantly higher than those in areas with per capita GDP<5000 USD(P<0.05).8.In 2017,the number of sanitary toilets in Jilin Province was 8,854,accounting for 29.9%;in 2018,the number of sanitary toilets in Jilin Province was 8,251,accounting for 35.9%.In 2018,the proportion of sanitary toilets at monitoring points in Jilin Province was significantly higher than that in 2017;the percentage of sanitary toilets at monitoring points in 2017 and 2018 was significantly lower in regions with per capita GDP?5,000 USD In areas where per capita GDP is less than US$5,000(P<0.05).Conclusion:1.Compared with 2017,the proportion of households using centralized water supply in rural areas of Jilin Province has increased in 2018;the number of centralized water supply projects with deep well water as the source type is the highest;rural areas with better economic levels are concentrated The water supply of the central water supply is more processed,but there are fewer households using centralized water supply.2.Compared with 2017,the detection rate of ascaris eggs and live eggs in rural soil in Jilin Province decreased in 2018,and the detection rate of ascaris eggs and live eggs in rural areas with better economic levels was higher.3.From 2017 to 2018,Jilin Province's rural soils have low lead and chromium excess rates,and heavy metal cadmium has a high excess rate,which is the main heavy metal pollutant in the soil;rural areas with better economic levels have higher cadmium and chromium exceedance rates.4.Compared with 2017,the situation of straw burning in rural areas of Jilin Province has improved in 2018;there are more households burning straw in rural areas with better economy.5.From 2017 to 2018,about 74%of households in rural areas of Jilin Province use pesticides;more rural areas use more pesticides in rural areas.6.From 2017 to 2018,the coverage rate of sanitary toilets in rural areas of Jilin Province is low;the rural sanitary toilets in areas with better economy have a higher proportion,but the proportion of harmless toilets is lower.