Research On Location Selection Of Aquatic Emergency And Rescue Bases Based On AIS Data

Chinese shipping capacity has grown rapidly,ships have become larger and more specialized,and the volume of waterways has continued to grow rapidly in recent years.At the same time,the aquatic traffic flow of important waters,ports and waterways in China has continued to increase,the aquatic traffic risks have been continuously improved,and the aquatic traffic accidents have occurred frequently,which causing serious losses.In 2018,there were 176 water traffic accidents involving Chinese ships in general rank and above.The number of deaths and disappearances reached 237,the number of sunken ships reached 83,and the direct economic losses reached 290 million yuan.The aquatic emergency and rescue can control water traffic accidents in time and reduce loss of life and property.Therefore,there is great significance for aquatic traffic safety to carry out reasonable and effective location selection of aquatic emergency and rescue bases.First,assess the key dangerous areas in the waters by digging the ships' encounter hotspots.The water risk assessment is an important part of the location selection of the aquatic emergency and rescue bases and is a prerequisite for ensuring the practical significance of the location selection results.The extensive use of AIS equipment is protection for the ships' static and dynamic data acquisition of the study for the aquatic traffic.The paper designs the ships' encounter points identification algorithm to analyze the ships' AIS data,and obtains the ship encounter points datasets.The improved DBSCAN algorithm is used to cluster the ships' encounter points datasets,and discover the hotspots in the waters based on the Spark platform.Then,the ships' encounter hotspots as the key dangerous area of the waters,or the demand points of the location problem,and research on the location selection of the aquatic emergency and rescue bases.Considering the principles and influencing factors of the location selection of the aquatic emergency and rescue bases,the concept of “partial coverage” was introduced,and the maximum covering location model and the gradual covering location model were selected from the four traditional emergency facility location models and two extension models to establish the models of the location selection of the aquatic emergency and rescue bases.Finally,taking the Pearl River estuary as an application case,using the monthly AIS data of the waters to mining the ships' encounter hotspots,analyze the ships' length distribution and the time distribution of the encounter.And complete the location selection of the aquatic emergency and rescue bases in the Pearl River estuary.Analyze the number of minimum emergency rescue bases obtained and the total coverage when selecting the same number of emergency rescue bases by applying the maximum covering location model and the gradual covering location model.