| The Hippocampus erectus is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine.With the development of science,more effects of seahorses have been found,such as anti-fatigue,anti-aging,and enhancement of learning and memory.In modern society,stress causes high incidence of alcoholism and depression,accompanied by memory impairment and physical fatigue.These problems have seriously threatened social health,but currently there is no effective treatment.Based on these findings,this study is to explore different functions of seahorses in different animal models,so that we can provide more scientific support for the development of seahorses in nutrition,health care and medicine.In order to explore the effect of improvement in memory of seahorses,step down test was used to test the ability of learning and memory in mice.Method: Mice were divided into four groups.The control group and the model group were fed with normal fodder,and the other two groups were fed with 0.22% female and male seahorses for 6 weeks respectively.After 6 weeks,30% ethanol was applied through intragastric administration to induce memory impairment in the model,female and male seahorse groups.The latency and the number of errors were recorded to evaluate the ability of learning and memory in mice.After 24 h of the experiment,mice were sacrificed and the brain tissue was preserved to detect the activity of ACh E and Ch AT.Compared with the control group,the latency dropped significantly in the model group(P<0.01),and the number of errors was increased significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the latency was significantly increased(P<0.05)and the number of errors was significantly reduced(P<0.05)in the male seahorse group.The activity of ACh E in the brain tissue was significantly lower too(P<0.05).But there was no significant difference between the female seahorse group and the model group.In order to explore the improvement effect of seahorses on depression,CUMS was used to create a depressive model in zebrafish,the novel tank test(NTT)was used to evaluate depression-like behavior.Method: Zebrafish were divided into four groups,control group,stress group,stress+0.044% seahorse group and stress+0.22% seahorse group.In the NTT experiment,the top transitions,time in top,freezing bouts,time spent in freezing and latency were recorded.Zebrafish were then sacrificed and the whole sample were preserved.The concentrations of cortisol,IFN-γ and IL-6 were measured.And concentrations of monoamine neurotransmitters were also measured.Results: Top transitions and time in top were decreased in the stress group,while 0.044% seahorses reversed it.The latency was significantly increased in the stress group,while 0.044% seahorses reversed it.Freezing bouts and time spent in freezing were not significantly changed in stress and seahorse groups.The concentrations of cortisol,IFN-γ were significantly increased in the stress group,while 0.044% and 0.22% seahorse groups showed significant decrease.The concentration of IL-6 was not significantly changed in the stress group,but 0.22% seahorses up-regulated it compared to the 0.044% seahorse group.The concentrations of NE,5-HT and DA were reduced after stress.The concentration of 5-HIAA and 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio was increased after stress.The concentrations of NE,5-HT and DA were increased in 0.044% and 0.22% seahorse group.In order to explore the effect of seahorses on anti-fatigue,the rotarod test was used to test the anti-fatigue ability in mice.Method: Mice were divided into three groups,one group was fed with normal fodder,and the other two groups were fed with 0.22% female and male seahorses for 6 weeks respectively.After 6 weeks,the mice were subjected to the rotarod test,and the time of a mouse falling from the rotarod within 5 min was recorded.Mice were then sacrificed and serum was preserved to detect MDA,GSH-PX and LA concentrations.Results: Compared to the control group,the levels of MDA and GSH-PX were not significantly changed in both male and female seahorse group.But male seahorses significantly prolonged the time that mice remained on the rotating rod(P<0.05)and decreased the serum lactic acid concentration significantly(P<0.05),but female seahorses did not show the same results.Conclusion: The male seahorses can improve the ability of learning and memory through the decrease of ACh E activity.Through the rebalance of corticosteroid,inflammatory cytokines and neurotransmitters,male seahorses can ease depression-like behavior.They can also reduce fatigue by down-regulating LA concentration in the serum.But female seahorses do not have those functions as male seahorses do. |
PDF Full Text Request