Effects Of β-alanine On The Learning,Memory And Anti-fatigue Abilities Of Mice

With the improvement of living standards,people pay more and more attention to their health.Ingesting functional ingredients with health care is an important way to maintain and improve physical health.In addition toα-amino acids,other rare natural amino acids,such asβ-alanine,have remarked attention because of their significant health care functions.This article will provide a theoretical basis for the application ofβ-alanine in the food industry by studying the effect ofβ-alanine on learning memory and anti-fatigue resistance of Kunming mice and its subchronic toxicity in SD rats.To study the effect ofβ-alanine on learning and memory abilities of mice,saline（control group）,β-alanine with the doses of 418 mg·kg^-1·day^-1（low-dose group）,836mg·kg^-1·day^-1（Medium-dose group）and 2090 mg·kg^-1·day^-1（high-dose group）were used to fed mice.Y maze and Morris water test indicated thatβ-alanine can improve the learning and memory abilities of mice;the activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）,as well as the content of malondialdehyde（MDA）in mouse hippocampus and cerebral cortex tissue confirmed thatβ-alanine slowed the oxidative stress of the brain;It was confirmed by q PCR that the key genes involved in the c AMP-PKA pathway（pde4A,mapk1,adcy1,and c REB）were up-regulated,and the expression levels of anti-apoptosis-related genes（bcl2,IL4,IL6,and BDNF）were up-regulated.The expression of apoptotic protein Bcl2 was up-regulated,while the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax,Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 was down-regulated.The above results indicate that taking an appropriate amount ofβ-alanine can reduce the oxidative stress in mice and improve their learning and memory abilities.In order to evaluate the effect ofβ-alanine on the anti-fatigue ability of mice,mice were fed with different doses ofβ-alanine as described above.By monitoring the changes in body weight of mice,it was found that the weight of mice in the middle-dose group increased rapidly and there was a significant difference;through the exhausted swimming test,it was found that the exhausted swimming time of mice in the middle-dose group increased significantly;it was found by measuring the biochemical indicators of mice Compared with the control group,the experimental group had increased liver glycogen and muscle glycogen content,and decreased BUN content in the blood;the GSH-Px and SOD activities in the liver and skeletal muscle increased,and the MDA content decreased.The above results show that taking a moderate dose ofβ-alanine can improve the anti-fatigue ability of mice by reducing oxidative stress in the body.In order to evaluate the biological safety ofβ-alanine,its subchronic toxicity was studied using a rat model.The results show that when the daily intake ofβ-alanine is less than 1600 mg·kg^-1,it will not significantly change the lung,liver,spleen,kidney and testis（ovary）of rats.If the dose exceeds 3200 mg·kg^-1,lesions may occur,causing damage to liver function.