Study On Preparation,Structure And Tribological Properties Of Basalt Fiber/Acrylonitrile-butadiene Rubber Composites

To improve the tribological properties of the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber（NBR）,and prepare the NBR based composites with low friction coefficient（COF）and high wear resistance,in this research,a new type of high-performance natural inorganic fiber,basalt fiber（BF）,was introduced to prepare the chopped BF/NBR composites.Influences of the BFs on the properties,especially the tribological properties of BF/NBR composites under dry friction and water lubricated conditions were studied.Furthermore,effects of the silane coupling agent and the solid lubricants on the tribological properties of the composites were investigated.The main contents of this thesis are listed below:（1）BF/NBR composites with various BF content and orientation were prepared,and their effects on the tribological properties were studied.Results showed that the introduction of the BFs could decrease both of the COF and the specific wear rate（W_s）.The fiber orientation did not obviously affect the COF,but the parallel-aligned BFs were conducive to improving the wear resistance of the composites.（2）The water resistance and the tribological properties under water lubrication of the composites prepared in（1）were studied in the temperature range of 30～70^oC.The water absorption of the composites increased with the water temperature,and the tear strength decreased.Water showed excellent lubricating capability for the BF/NBR composites,but this capability decreased with water temperature increase.The COFs were mainly affected by the water temperature,whereas the BF content and orientation showed minimal impact.The introduction of BFs could significantly improve the wear resistance of the composites under water lubrication,especially at high temperature.The BFs with parallel orientation showed better effect.（3）（γ-aminopropyl）triethoxysilane（APTES）was introduced via mixing into the matrix or grafting on the BF surface,respectively.The effects of the APTES and its introduction methods on the tribological properties under dry and water-lubricated conditions were mainly studied.Results showed that the APTES mixed in the rubber matrix was conducive to the COF decrease,whereas the grafted APTES on the BF surface could help to improve the interaction between the BF and the NBR matrix,and thus the wear resistance of the BF/NBR composites was improved under both dry and water lubricating conditions.（4）The graphite（G）,graphene（GN）and two types of molybdenum disulfide（MoS₂）with different sizes were introduced into BF/NBR composites,respectively.Their effects on the tribological properties of the composites were investigated.The introduction of GN showed best effects on decreasing both of the COF and the W_s under dry sliding condition.The MoS₂ with larger size and the GN were most effective in decreasing the COF and the W_s under water lubrication,respectively.