Study On Ecological Footprint Of Tourists In National Parks

As a natural protection site for the protection of typical,representative and rare ecosystems,nature,cultural heritage and landscape,national parks not only strengthen the protection and restoration of interregional ecosystems,but also provide a platform for public recreation,scientific research and education.It is based on the protection of ecological resources and natural environment,with appropriate tourism development as a subsidiary function as the basic strategy.It realizes the effective protection and development of a large range through the scientific utilization of a small range.It is an effective protection and management mode that can reasonably handle the relationship between ecological environment protection and resource development and utilization.At present,in China's pilot national parks,a certain number of scenic spots and tourist facilities existed before the scope of the national parks was confirmed.In order to reduce the damage and pressure of ecological environment brought by tourists and tourism activities,most of them have been suspended and dismantled.This undoubtedly caused secondary damage to the regional ecological environment and affected the local social and economic development.It is an urgent problem to be solved in the development of national parks how to develop the mature scenic spots sustainably in the future and how to receive tourists in a reasonable range.The tourism ecological footprint method is an important index to calculate the regional tourism environmental capacity and to measure the tourism activities and the sustainable development of the ecosystem.Its application in the ecological environment system of the scenic spots in the national parks plays an important role in protecting the natural environment,cultural heritage,providing recreation,education,promoting academic research and local economic prosperity.However,the behavior of tourists,which affects the environmental capacity in reality,is dynamic.Simply by conventional static monitoring technology can only be to determine the best value of static visitors under a specific space and the saturation value,therefore the time geography theory is introduced to from time and space dimensions,explore the tourist distribution,and calculate the area under the space-time dimension to the ecological stress,scenic tourists to provide the scientific basis for the future.In this paper,the pilot area of Qilian mountain national park in Gansu province was selected as the research area,and the existing horseshoes temple scenic spot was selected as the case site.The ecological footprint of the case site from 2008 to 2018 was analyzed by using the ecological footprint model and combining the four unit scales of year,month,day and time.Prosperous,off season;The daily extreme value of annual tourist volume;The results show that the annual change of the per capita ecological footprint of tourists in nine time periods is on the decline as a whole,from 0.0218hm2/person in 2008 to 0.015hm~2/person in 2018,and the per capita ecological carrying capacity of tourists from 0.066hm~2/person to 0.0452hm~2/person in 2018.Compared with the per capita ecological footprint of tourists in the peak season of October and the low season of march,the peak season fluctuates significantly,which is greatly influenced by the statutory holidays and weekends,and the low season changes relatively gently.On the whole,it does not exceed the ecological carrying capacity line.The time-division comparison shows that the ecological footprint of the popular scenic spots during the peak hours is small and the ecological pressure is large.According to the results show that the annual Mati temple scenic spot than tourism ecological footprint,ecological capacity glut,in the 10 years since the ecological surplus,and combines the result of months and time tourism ecological footprint,the peak season in the peak period of the hot spots of the ecological footprint is small,more than the ecological carrying capacity,easy to individual regional influence and damage the natural environment and heritage.To sum up,the scenic spot from two points of view:planning and tourist management new measures for the management of scenic spots,from infrastructure such as large data provided by the wisdom of tourism system from dynamic adjusting tourists individual behavior and dynamic control visitor Numbers in different period of time,set the ticket price elasticity,and optimize the tourists sightseeing route,guide,enhance infrastructure and visitor management should be emphasized in the explanation the importance of education,public benefits,innovation management mode is optimized upgrade to confirm,for the public in national parks provide optimization solution,to the public the right to enjoy national park recreation and education on the optimal.From the perspective of historical assessment,current situation analysis and future development path,this paper constructs whether the scenic spots in the national park have the conditions to receive tourists and the management mechanism for the reasonable development in the future.According to the ecological footprint model and the ecological footprint calculation combined with the theory of time geography,the specific situation and future development trend of the whole and individuals,time and space in the scenic spot are scientifically and timely mastered,so that tourists can be reasonably distributed in the scenic spot and ecology and development can be balanced.