| Land desertification is one of the major environmental problems facing mankind today.More than two-thirds of the land area of Zhenglan Qi is located in Hunshandake desert.The ecosystem is fragile and sensitive.The phenomenon of land desertification is very serious,which affects regional ecological security and restricts The sustainable development of the regional economy and society urgently needs ecological restoration planning and management of the desertified land in the Zhenglan Banner area.This paper takes the Hunshandake desert in Zhenglan Qi as the research area,interprets the remote sensing image data,and takes the vegetation coverage as the primary indicator to classify the desertified land in the research area.Carry out an evaluation to clarify the land desertification grade and distribution location,and combine the regional desertification degree with detailed zoning.Based on a large amount of literature reading and field visits,targeted ecological restoration measures are proposed.This study is intended to provide basis and ideas for the management of regional desertified land.The main findings are as follows:(1)The total area of desertified land in Zhenglanqi is 7390.76 km2,accounting for 72.59% of the total area of the whole flag,mainly distributed in the northern region.Among them,the area of extremely severe desertified land is small,357.62 km2,accounting for 4.83 of the total desertified land %,The area of heavily desertified land is 1663.64 km2,accounting for 22.51%,the area of moderately desertified land is the largest at 2492.04 km2,accounting for 33.72% of the total area of desertified land,and the area of lightly and slightly desertified land is 1695.79 km2,respectively.And 1181.91 km2,accounting for 22.94% and 16.00% of the total desertified land area.(2)The desertified land planning of Zhenglan Qi is divided into three sub-regions: the key governance area of heavy desertified land,the restoration and utilization area of moderate desertified land,and the protection and utilization area of light desertified land.Within each zone,combined with the degree of regional desertification,according to the measures needed to carry out ecological restoration,it is further divided into a desertified land key management project area,a desertified land light use engineering area,a desertified land balanced use engineering area,and a public welfare forest protection area Wait for four measures to partition.(3)The key treatment project area for the desertification land in Zhenglan Qi adopts key treatment technology measures.On the basis of grazing prohibition throughout the year,the comprehensive sand “sand barrier + vegetation” restoration comprehensive treatment model is adopted,and different parts of wind erosion pits are established.“Sand barrier + artificial seeding” restores vegetation;lightly utilized engineering areas in desertified land use light utilization technical measures,and adopt "fencing closed + April-May ban for grazing" on pasture pastures on beaches.Pasture pastures on sandy land are based on pastures For the degree of degradation,measures such as "full seal + half seal" are adopted,and wind eroded grassland adopts "annual grazing prohibition + sand barrier + artificial seeding" to restore vegetation;balanced utilization technology measures are adopted in the desertified land balance utilization engineering area,aiming at the sporadic regional distribution The heavily desertified land is managed by ecological blankets,and grazing management is strengthened and used reasonably;the public welfare forest area adopts comprehensive measures with strict protection as the main and scientific tending as the supplement,and moderate use is made by forest grassing. |
