| The construction of ecological civilization is a fundamental plan concerning the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.As an important part of coordinating the overall layout of the "Five in One" and coordinating the "Four Comprehensive" strategic layout,the construction of ecological civilization is also a major social issue that affects people’s livelihood.In order to promote the construction of ecological civilization,the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to build a nature reserve system with national parks as the main body.The establishment of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park will inevitably provide a better living environment for wild animals such as the Northeast Tiger and Leopard,but it will also affect the production and living behavior of surrounding residents.Because of the establishment of the national park,the lifestyles of the surrounding residents have been changing for generations,and the use of natural resources has been restricted.Residents are required to increase their awareness of ecological protection and shoulder the heavy responsibility of protecting the environment.The contradictions between the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park and the surrounding residents related to the protection and use of resources,land ownership and rights,cultural conflicts and policy conflicts have also intensified.Residents’ livelihoods and the construction of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park have formed a short-term "interaction" "Incompatible",long-term "interdependence" situation.Therefore,in-depth understanding of the living conditions and sustainable levels of the residents around the Northeast Tiger-Panther National Park,and identifying the main factors affecting the sustainability of the livelihoods of the residents around the Northeast Tiger-Panther National Park.Achieving harmonious coexistence and sustainable development between man and nature is of great significance.From the perspective of sustainable livelihoods,this article uses the sustainable livelihood analysis framework to establish an index evaluation system,evaluate the sustainable living standards of surrounding residents,and evaluate the actual status of residents’ livelihoods,so as to explore and propose specific measures for further reference.Coordinate the relationship between development and protection.The evaluation and countermeasures of sustainable livelihood development of residents around the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park are mainly divided into the following sections.First of all,according to the research background,the purpose and significance of the research are clarified,and the research status of relevant research on national parks and sustainable livelihoods at home and abroad is systematically combed to find the entry point for research,and the relevant concepts and theoretical analysis of sustainable livelihoods of residents around national parks are analyzed.The development status of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park and the evaluation of sustainable livelihoods lay a solid theoretical foundation.Secondly,the development status of the Northeast Haw Par National Park and the surrounding residents’ livelihoods are studied.On the one hand,the natural geography,economic society,and functional division of the Northeast Haw Par National Park are clarified.On the other hand,the livelihood capital and livelihood strategies of surrounding residents are clarified,so as to comprehensively grasp the development status of the Northeast Haw Par National Park.Problems with basic analysis.Using the DFID sustainable livelihood analysis framework and the actual situation of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park,in accordance with the principles of comprehensiveness and scientificity,targetability and quantification,applicability and feasibility,determine evaluation indicators,and build a livelihood capital indicator system and livelihood strategy Indicator system and sustainable livelihood indicator system.Using the entropy method to evaluate and analyze the sustainable livelihoods of residents around the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park,the results show that human capital and social capital are relatively high.Residents tend to choose a diversified livelihood strategy rather than a single agrochemical livelihood strategy.Poor sustainability and weak resistance to external environmental changes.Finally,it puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from six aspects:natural capital,human capital,physical capital,financial capital,social capital,and livelihood strategies,that is,promoting the proliferation of natural capital,increasing human capital investment,strengthening infrastructure construction,improving medical and health levels,and improving Ecological compensation mechanism,deepening cultural identity,and actively expanding livelihoods. |
