Analysis On Unsafe Behaviors And Research On Safety Incentive Mechanism In Construction

At present,China is in the stage of accelerated urbanization.The development of the construction industry is closely related to the national economy.The importance of sustainable development of the construction industry has been mentioned in several government work conferences,including but not limited to promoting economic structural reforms,increasing employment and improving social happiness.However,the production characteristics of the construction industry are different from those of the secondary industry such as manufacturing.The working environment is more complex and the degree of standardization is lower in construction field.These characteristics lead to a series of risks during the construction process,which causes safety accidents frequently.Safety accidents in construction industry accounted for 5.6%of the total in 2016,with larger safety accidents accounting for more than 10%of the total.As an important factor leading to safety accidents,unsafe behavior has been widely concerned.So how to effectively manage and control it during the construction has been the focus of attention of enterprise management and industry scholars.strengthening management to human behaviors has become the consensus between scholars and managers in construction enterprises.Unsafe behaviors include unsafe management behaviors and unsafe operation behaviors,both of which can affect the occurrence of security accidents.On this basis,the paper will further study the relationship between different unsafe behaviors and also the impact of unsafe behaviors on safety accidents.Meanwhile a new safety management concept and method combined with technological innovation will introduced in the study.Firstly,the paper introduces the theory of accident causation,analyzes the direct and root causes of the accident and emphasize the importance of unsafe behavior from the perspective of the mechanism of the accident.Then the paper defines the concept of unsafe behaviors in research Based on this,the research situation of unsafe management behaviors and unsafe operation behaviors are reviewed.Secondly,the paper sorts out the unsafe behaviors of building construction through literature review.In combination with on-site observations,a set of unsafe behaviors in building construction including 13 types of behaviors and a set of construction safety accidents including 7 types of accidents were determined.According to this dimensional division method,the five influence relationship dimensions of unsafe behaviors and safety accidents were analyzed and the corresponding questionnaire design was carried out on this basis to serve the subsequent quantitative analysis.After that,the paper constructs a relational network model of unsafe behaviors and safety incidents based on the data collected in the questionnaire.By analyzing the three indices of the relational network model,it reveals each position of unsafe management behaviors,unsafe operation behaviors and safety accidents in the relational network.The quantitative ranking of the relative influence of nodes included in the analysis process is also the basis for the design of subsequent safety performance index weights.Lastly,according to positioning of unsafe management behaviors,as the power center in the relational network model,and behavioral incentive theory,the safety incentive mechanism,which is one of the safety management behavior,is used to control workers’ unsafe operation behaviors to reduce the accident rate.The paper proves its effectiveness through actual cases.