Research On The Effect Of Air Pollution On The Productivity Of Manufacturing Enterprises

With the rapid development of China's economy,the extensive production mode has caused the great influence on the ecological environment,resulting in a sharp decline in air quality and frequent occurrence of haze weather.Serious air pollution is affecting people's life,enterprise production,social functioning,healthy and sustainable development of the economy from various aspects.In particular,it has caused a huge impact on the production of enterprises,such as:production limitation,shutdown and closure of enterprises,increase of production cost and decline of economic benefits.In this regard,how to carry out enterprise production and improve enterprise production efficiency under the serious air pollution is regarded as the key problem that needs to be solved urgently for the sustainable development of enterprises.It is also an important topic of building"green development,beautiful China" in the new era.At present,most literatures on enterprise production are studied from the perspectives of the growth trend of enterprise productivity and enterprise performance.There is little discussion about the impact of air pollution on enterprise productivity from the perspective of environment.Therefore,based on the geographic space and nonlinear threshold angle,this paper focuses on analyzing the mechanism,influence relationship,spatial spillover effect and nonlinear threshold effect of the influence of air pollution on the productivity of manufacturing enterprises,so as to provide theoretical reference for pollution control and economic sustainable development.The main research contents and innovative contributions of this study are mainly reflected in the following aspects:(1)This paper revealed the internal mechanism of air pollution affecting the productivity of enterprises,and constructed the theoretical framework of the impact of air pollution on the productivity of enterprises.Considering the impact of economic development level,industrial structure,environmental regulation and residents' health level on the productivity of enterprises,the internal mechanism of air pollution affecting the productivity of enterprises is analyzed.The results show that air pollution will indirectly affect the productivity of enterprises by damaging public health,and the impact intensity will gradually increase with the severity of air pollution.(2)The distribution characteristics of the productivity of manufacturing enterprises have obvious regional differences.Using DEA-Malmquist index method and LP methods,the total factor productivity(TFP)of manufacturing enterprises in 30 provinces(municipalities)was estimated to be basically the same.All of them were greater than 1.And the overall change trend is an increasing pattern.In terms of geographical spatial distribution,the productivity of manufacturing enterprises in all provinces(municipalities)shows a trend of gradual decline from east to west.On this basis,using the Moran index(Moran's 1)and LISA spatial clustering analysis methods,this paper analyzed the characteristics of the spatiotemporal changes in productivity of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.The results show that the productivity of manufacturing enterprises among provinces and cities has spatial agglomeration effect,and presents a "high-high" and "low-low" aggregation mode.(3)The effect of air pollution on productivity of Chinese manufacturing enterprises also has the spatial spillover effect.Using spatial econometrics method,three kinds of spatial panel models were constructed to analyze the influence of air pollution on the productivity of manufacturing enterprises.Through comparison and analysis of the three space panel models,it could be found that there was a significant inverse correlation between air pollution and the productivity of manufacturing enterprises.In other words,the more serious the air pollution is,the lower the productivity of manufacturing enterprises will be.A 1%increase in the concentration of air pollutants will lead to a 0.0015%decrease in the productivity of manufacturing enterprises.It can be seen that severe air pollution does have a serious obstacle to the productivity of manufacturing enterprises.At the same time,due to the persistence and cross regional characteristics of air pollution,the productivity of Chinese manufacturing enterprises also has significant spatial spillover effect.That is to say,for every 1%increase in the productivity of manufacturing enterprises in this region,the productivity of manufacturing enterprises in neighboring regions will also increase by 0.8182%.(4)There is a non-linear relationship between air pollution and productivity of manufacturing enterprises.In order to further explore the impact of air pollution on the productivity of manufacturing enterprises,this paper built a nonlinear threshold panel model to analyze whether there is a nonlinear threshold effect between air pollution and productivity of manufacturing enterprises.The results show that the effect of air pollution on the productivity of manufacturing enterprises has single threshold effect and double threshold effect.(5)Based on the perspective of space and non-linear threshold,this paper proposed ways to improve the productivity of manufacturing enterprises,such as green innovation,technological upgrading,institutional guarantee and win-win cooperation.First of all,it is necessary to encourage innovative production methods,increase technology subsidies,achieve green production throughout the manufacturing process.Secondly,we should share regional resources and enhance economic cooperation within the region.In addition,it is necessary to enhance the health protection awareness of employees and improve the labor productivity of manufacturing enterprises.Finally,it is necessary to strengthen policy guidance,change the production mode of enterprises,and realize the sustainable development of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.